Comparative Studies On Product Quality Of Scallop Cultured In Northern China Sea

The output, quality and export of scallop in China have been heavily influenced by the deterioration of local aquacultural environment as well as high frequency of diseases. Because of the low product quality in scallop culture, it is highly necessary to evaluate systematically the quality of scallop. In this dissertation, Argopecten irradians and Chlamys farreri were collected from Dalian Bay, Qinhuangdao, Laizhou Bay, Yantai, Weihai, Jiaozhou Bay and Jiaonan, and their qualities, including nutrition quality, heavy metal contents and paralytic shellfish poisoning, were investigated systematically.The results showed that the protein nutrition in Chlamys farreri was higher than that in Argopecten irradians, while the fatty nutrition in Chlamys farreri was lower compared with that in Argopecten irradians. According to principal component analysis of Argopecten irradians in different sea areas, the nutrition quality of Argopecten irradians collected from geographically adjacent sea areas was similar. The general nutrition quality in different sea areas can be ordered as: Laizhou Bay > Yantai > Dalian Bay > Qinhuangdao > Weihai > Jiaozhou Bay > Jiaonan.The investigation on heavy metal contents indicated that the heavy metal contents in scallop mantle were usually higher than that in adductor muscle. In the same area, the heavy metal contents in Chlamys farreri were higher than that in Argopecten irradians. The average contents of six heavy metals can be ordered as: Zn>Cu>Cd>As>Pb>Hg. Cd and Zn contents in some areas exceeded the legal limits by 1.41～17.28 times and 1.24～1.59 times, respectively, while the contents of As, Pb, Cu and Hg did not exceed.Shellfish poisoning toxicity in viscus, muscle and other tissues of scallop were measured by using mouse bioassay. The paralytic shellfish poisoning was only found in the viscus of Argopecten irradians collected from Qinhuangdao and Dalian Bay. The toxicity of scallop in the above two sea areas were 2.17 Mu·g ^-1 and 2.48 Mu·g ^-1,respectively, both lower than the value of food safe standard (4 Mu·g ^-1). The paralytic shellfish poisoning was not detected in the samples collected from other sea areas.