Identification Of A New Peach Cultivar And Comparison Of Postharvest Physiological Change And Quality In Seven Cultivars Of Peach (Prunus Persica L. Batch) Fruit

In this study, phenological phase and fruit quality were investigated between new peach (Prunus persica L. Batch) cultivar 'Beilun02-1' and its possible parent 'Hujingmilu'. SSR and AFLP were used to distinguish 'Beilun02-1' from 'Zaohongbaoshi', 'Datuanmilu', 'Hujingmilu', 'Yulu', 'Chiyulu', 'Hakuho' and a cross cultivar 'X2-5'. In addition, seven peach cultivars, i.e.,'X2-5', 'Xinyu', 'Akatsuki', 'Dayubaifeng', 'Baili', 'Hujingmilu', 'Yulu' were used to study the difference of postharvest physiology and quality such as size, weight, firmness, TSS, TA, SS, OA, respiration rate and ethylene production. The result may provide important information for identification as well as introducing new peach cultivar in the future.Results showed that the flower bud emergence, leaf bud emergence, blossom, first leaf and shoot grow period of 'Beilun 02-1' were the same as those of 'Hujingmilu'. In addition, both cultivars also had a similar TSS content, except that 'Beilun 02-1' fruit ripe around 20 days earlier with an distinct bigger fruit trait than does the 'Hujingmilu'. By using six SSR markers, the BPPCT015 and CPPCT013 bands of 'Beilun 02-1' showed similar pattern with those of 'Hujingmilu', 'Datuanmilu', 'X2-5' and 'Hakuho', but they were different from those of 'Zaohongbaoshi', 'Yulu', 'Chiyulu'. By using SSR marker pchcms5, 'Beilun02-1' can be easily distinguished from 'Zaohongbaoshi', 'Datuanmilu', 'Hujingmilu', but it consisted with that band of 'Yulu', 'Chiyulu'. New cross cultivar 'X2-5' had two bands origin from its parents 'Yulu' and 'Hujingmilu'. Baed on the results from three SSR markers, we concluded that 'Beilun 02-1' was genetically different from 'Hujingmilu' and other local cultivars. Results of AFLP using three primer pairs also showed that 'Beilun02-1' was genetically related with 'Hujingmilu', but they are different cultivars. Postharvest physiological change and quality comparison between seven peach cultivars were carried out in this study. As far as the respiration rate and ethylene production rate were concerned, fruit from all these cultivars showed climacteric characteristics. 'X2-5' had the highest SS/OA value, which was about 26.5. The SS/OA of 'Xinyu', which was origined from 'Yulu', was 23.19. Japanese cultivars ' Akatsuki' and 'Baili' had SS/OA of 23.83 and 24.38, respectively. The SS/OA of all these four cultivas were higher than those of the local cultivars 'Hujingmilu' and 'Yulu', which was 15.74 and 18.76, respectively. In a conclustion, these four peach cultivars, i.e. 'X2-5','Xinyu', 'Akatsuki' and 'Baili' showed better fruit quality than that of local cultivars 'Hujingmilu' and 'Yulu', and these cultivars can be used as parent cultivars for breeding new peach cultivars.