Research On Compensation Mechanism And Village-level Management And Protection Mode Of Collective Ecological Forest In Mountainous Area, Beijing

Collective ecological forest management and protection of Beijing's mountainous area is a complex system engineering based on the ecological compensation mechanism. Since the implementation of the project, the forest resources have got effective protection and farmers' living standards of mountainous area have improved markedly. However, contradiction between forest resources' protection and rural community economic development is increasingly prominent, to some extent, it affected the achievement of policy objectives of the ecological compensation mechanism.In this paper, a research method which is the combination of theoretical research and practical survey was introduced; Systematical investigation of the current management and protection of ecological forest was given. On the basis of summing up information, on the one hand, the implementation effect of management and protection of ecological forest and the existing problems were analyzed, on the other hand, effects of ecological forest management and existing problems were discussed, and it turned up that:First, ecological compensation mechanism is guarantees for the implementation of the mountainous area ecological forest management and protection; also it is the foundation of the establishment of village-level management and protection mode. Village-level management and protection mode is practice and exploration of the ecological forest compensation mechanism. By the common action of the ecological compensation mechanism, village-level external management mechanism and operation mechanism, two main modes, including own management and protection of forest guards and joint management and protection, are shaped in village communities. After comparative analysis of two modes, it was educed that the joint management and protection had bigger (? iority in the organization and operation, through consultations and collaborations among its members, forest resources were managed together by them. About problems of making the management and protection responsibility and funds linked, the interests of the main distribution mechanism, which need to be solved in the joint management and protection, but under the influence of the current policy framework, the issue was resolved by certain restriction.Second, ecological forest management and protection policies play a tremendous role on the protection of ecological forest and the increase of peasant incomes. It not only alleviated the pressure on rural employment and increased the income of peasants, but also promoted the harmonious development of the village economic society, promised the capital city's sustainable development of forestry.Third, as a result of defects of ecological forest compensation theory, the implementation of this policy made the primary objective of mountainous areas ecological forest compensation mechanism inconsistent with reality, affected the expansion of local ecological forest compensation mechanism , the appearance of many problems about management and protection are associated with the benefit of the property owners and managers; Because of the approach "control plus orders "among ecological forest management and protection, village grade is lack of active innovation on modes of management and operational mechanisms.On the basis of the correlation analysis, combined with the relevant theory of participatory forestry and ecological compensation, in this paper the author designed a suit of participatory ecological forest management and protection mode in which village-grade community was regarded as a unit, the appropriate adjustment was made for ecological compensation of the village, the contents was the harmony development between village ecological forest management and protection and economy. The relevant recommendations as well as some adjustments which need to be made in the policy and institution were put forward for the smooth implementation of the village-level ecological forest management and protection mode design.Finally, the two core issues within the framework of the ecological compensation mechanism were discussed: the extent of compensation achievement and ecological compensation distribution mechanism.