The Introduction, Cultivation And Propogation Of Fern In Beijing Area

In this paper, investigation of wild fern resources in Beijing area was successfully conducted, including the altitude, soil and companion species. Based on the investigaton, 24 species with high ornamental value were introduced and planted in the nursery field of Beijing Foresty Univercity, and their biology, ecological adaptability and ornamental characteristics were recorded and evaluated. The research on shade-tolerent, including chlorophyll content, dry weight, fresh weight and moisture content , leaf thickness and stomatal density of Pteridium aquiline var. latiusculum, Athyrium pachyphlebium, A.multidentatum, A. fallaciosum, Dryopteris laeta and Matteuccia struthiopteris, which have high ornamental characteristic and stong ecological adaptability after introduction were studied.As for the sexual mulitiplication, the growth of gamete on A. pachyphlebium and A.multidentatum and the germination rate and development of the spores in various culture media were recoded, the germination type of the spores on the two ferns is Vittaria-type , the germination type of prothallium on A. pachyphlebium and A. multidentatum is Ceratopteris-type and Adiantum-type respectively. The result manifested the fastest growth of A. multidentatum in 1/4 MS compared to A. pachyphlebium in 1/8MS.The experiment on spore germinatation and development, spore bourgeon, the process of bearing under different culture medium and temperatures manifest that the best condition are medium 3 of 25°C for A. pachyphlebium, and medium 1 of 23°C for A. multidentatum. Meanwhile, it is concluded that the best culture medium is vermiculite.In asexual mulitiplication, the experiment manifests that the dedifferentitation of the leaf of some ferns is rather low, and the cultivation of sporophyte was failed. In solid and liquid media culture on A. pachyphlebuium, the method of apospory and the prothallium were obtained. Compared to hormone and concentration on proliferation were confined to GGB inducement, GGB increment and prothallium increment, the results indicated that the optimal medium of prothallium increment, GGB inducement. GGB increment was respectively as 1/2MS+KT0.1, 1/2MS+KT0.5, MS+6-BA0.1+IBA0.05 and the best medium of sporophyte inducement is MS. In liquid medium, the apogamy was found. The optimal sporophyte generation medium is on vermiculite as medium of partial tissue culture. The time of rooting hormone pretreatment and the length of cutting of Equisetum hiemate and Selaginella davidii were proposed.