Study On Application Of Bio-pesticide In American Ginseng Planting

The sensitivity of Ginseng to pathogenic fungus has increased after being domesticated out of wildness state. It is reported that there are more than fifteen kinds of diseases harmful to Ginseng's growth statistically. And there are about ten kinds of diseases of Ginseng planted in China, which can aggrieve its roots, flowers, fruits and could result in fall of production, quality of seeds and roots. In America, only one sixth to one third of the expected output is reached , due to different fungus disease.Chemical methods were used to control Ginseng disease traditionally, but the chemical pesticide rudiment is toxicity in Ginseng. It is necessary to develop and apply bio-pesticide.This paper is focus on the research of bio-pesticide which can control fungus disease and promote the growth of American Ginseng. In the Ginseng planting base, nine pathogenic fungus of Ginseng's fungus diseases and one anti-biotic fungus from Trichoderma restraining the diseases were separated. The anti-biotic fungus live well on all kinds of Carbon source and Phosphorus source , in pH = 4—6, without light. And the acid soil growing Ginseng is fit for anti-biotic fungus to grow, in pH = 5.5～6.7, to control Ginseng's fungus diseases biologically. The field experiments in 2005 demonstrated this anti-biotic fungus could control the fungus diseases strongly.In the soil of treatment group, detections of microorganism's quantity of Ginseng's rhizosphere implied that the quantity of bacteria representing soil fertility properties is obviously more than that of the comparison group, the actinomycetes' quantity cleaning and controlling filamentous fungi is more than the comparison group, while the fungus quantity is less than that in the comparison group. Therefore, applications of bio-pesticide provide the better microorganism environment of rhizosphere for Ginseng's growth. And it is necessary for improving Ginseng's quality.Ginseng's active constituents increase greatly in detections. In the test group, there are more increases in the active constituents than that in the comparison group, Rfy by 5.56 ～ 12.98%, total sapongins by 17.24 — 18.96%. And other active constituents increase at different level. These constituents have important pharmacological effects, such as restraining cancer cells, anti-diabetes, preventing platelet aggregation, promoting the formation of DNA or RNA.The experimental results indicate that the bio-pesticide have better effects on Ginseng's productions and quality obviously. Developing more biological control of planting Chinese traditional herbs would take an active role in modernization of Chinese traditional medicine.