Inducement Of Polyploidy And Primary Study Of Male Sterility In Zinnia Elegans

During the breeding on common zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.), the key step is the choice about selfed line and male sterility line. There are duplication treatment and morphological and anatomical observation of male sterility in this experiment.Induction of polyploid by colchicine was carried out in March, 2005. The results followed:1. Treatment with seeds, transplanting, and the highest death rate was 100%. The result of treatment with apical meristem showed: The combination of J17+0.1%colchine+60hours induced the highest death rate, with 76.9% and A2+0.05% colchine+60hours reach the highest variation rate, with 52. 8 %2.Variation plants is lower than control on plant height, length of pedicel , internodal distance of stem, plant crown, maximal length of leaf, maximal breadth of leaf, diameter of flower, number of branches, foliage index and so on, in J17,J18 cultivars. The common change of microstructure and morphological is that stomata become larger, stomatal density reduction, the number of chloroplast in the safeguard cell increases, the diameter of pollen is larger, the vigorous of pollen decreases, the leaves become rougher and leaf vein is sparse, diameter of basal stem are increase.3.The result of flow cytometry showed ,there are tetraploid, chimeres, decuploid in A2, tetraploid, triploid, quinploid in J18 and tetraploid in J17.The main results of morphological and anatomical observation of male sterility followed:1.The male sterility plant from Fl selfed were backcrossed with parent and crossed with other Fl or the fertility plant from the same parent. The male sterility plant continue appeared, and lower than parent, more compact on plant type.2.There are no morphological difference between male sterility and fertile on early stage, but on bud stage. Vivisection of the fertile and sterile buds, observe the stage of dyad, tetrad, microspore and pollen in fertile bud, but not in the sterile.3. From paraffin section, the development course of fertile plant stamen includes stages of sporogenous, the secondary sporogenous, tetrad, microsporocyte, microspore and pollen grain, and the sterile plant stamen is vacuolation process.