| The approaches of heterosis utilization in rapeseed consist of two-lines and three-lines, and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an efficient and extensive way as one of the three-lines currently. Some experiments on cytology and genetics were performed with a new CMS material"1815A"in order to lay theoretical foundation for its heterosis utilization, which involved paraffin section method and classical heredity investigative approaches. In addition, purity of hybrids"BaiZa No.1", which was derived from"1815A"×"143C", was identified by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers serving for its variety protection. Three results were obtained as follows:1. The characters of the A, B and C line, and hybrids F1, F2, (hybrid F1×restorer line), (hybrid F1×maintainer line) of the cytoplasmic male sterility of new material"1815A"in Brassica compestris L. were observed and analysed. The results showed that the cytoplasmic male sterile line"1815A"belongs to the sporophytic sterile type, and the male sterility was controlled by the interaction of one pair of recessive nucleus genes with the cytoplasmic sterile genes.2. Microscopic observation on anther development process of cytoplasmic male sterile line"1815A"showed that its anther development was inhibited at the stage of archesporial cell differentiation. It could not form normal archesporial cell and pollen sac, so"1815A"was regarded as male sterile line which had no pollen sac.3. Both hybrid rapeseed"Baiza No.1"and its parents were analyzed by RAPD markers in this study, the results showed that S24, S83 and S104 could produce both maternal-specific and paternal-specific DNA bands and the reproducibility was steady after repeating the tests, while S176 only could produce specific bands to the mother . By comparison, S104 was the best to be used in identification of the purity in F1. Result based on RAPD markers by primer S104 showed that purity identification result was just the expected purity result.
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