Studies On Distribution And Restoration Of Fertility Gene Of Nian-Type Male Sterile Lines In Wheat

At present, the hybrid wheat breeders are putting their mind to search or to cultivate new restoring varieties for the CMS wheat. It is very important to study the distribution and restoration of the fertility gene for making use of CMS and broadening the genetic diversity of restoring varieties. In this paper, 8 male sterile lines in wheat with Ae.kotschyi, Ae.variabilis, Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis were hybridized with some wheat varieties. The seed setting rate of F1 have been analyzed. The distribution of fertility gene and fertility restoration and the frequency of cells with univalent at MI and with abnormal chromosomes at AI in CMS of F1 hybrids were studied. The results are as follows:1. The regularity exists in the distribution of fertility gene. the varieties which their average seed setting rate are between the rage of 25-40% are half-restoring ,and they belong to the northern wheat plant zone; The varieties which their average seed setting rate are between 40% and 50% belong to the southern wheat zone. The varieties which their average seed setting rate are at low level in the rage of high fertility rage are included in huanghuai wheat plant zone and the region of Changjiang River and other regions, most of them are the center of wheat genetic diversity. The others varieties at the other part, their average restoration ranged from sterile to high fertility, and revealed that there existed higher genetic diversity among the varieties.2. Clustering result for the average restoration of 26 varieties, it could be divided into three groups at the level of 2.0. In the first group, most varieties were half-restoring to the male sterile lines; in the second group, all varieties were high fertility; in the third group, the varieties were high sterile or complete maintenance except some varieties showing sifted restoration.3. Clustering the male sterile lines, K-type and V-type divided into one group while Ven-type and B-type into one group at 5-1 nuclei genotype; V-type and B-type clustered into one group firstly, then VEN-type and K-type at 224 nuclei genotype; under the same cytoplasm, 5-1 nuclei genotype and 224 nuclei genotype were belonged into different group.