Research Of Mushroom Harmless To Cultivation Key Technical In Ningxia Guyuan

The mushroom is in the present world the manual cultivation most widespread, the output is highest, the consumption quantity biggest edible fungus, approximately composes about world world edible fungus ultimate output 40%. Along with the people living standard enhancement and the environmental awareness, the health care consciousness enhancement, to food request already from the past warm and well-fed type to the nutrition health care transformation, food security and natural, the nutrition, the health places the first place, the cultivation harmless mushroom, guarantees the quality security, will become the next mushroom cultivation the development direction. The Ningxia Guyuan mushroom output accounts for the Ningxia ultimate output above 50%, is main cultivate area which Ningxia bothers, at present is being at the start stage. Harmless to cultivate the research work the development to step onto the health to the Guyuan mushroom the development track to have with steady steps the vital significance. Through for several years research and the promoted work, draws following conclusion:The mushroom harmless to cultivation is an item of systems engineering, harmless is mushroom cultivate harmless the entire process the result. First must bring into line with the mushroom cultivation the standardized cultivation and the standardized processing which has a legal basis. The cultivation environment, a pile of material, the mold mushroom spawn and sowing seeds, the mushroom bed management, the recovery maintains freshness, disease preventing and controlling is the mushroom have six key technique which harmless cultivate.The cultivation environment is a link which in the cultivation is easiest to neglect, but is key technique actually, the good cultivation environment may give the mushroom the cultivation to provide does not have the pollution condition, reduces the disease-carrying insect dissemination harm, caused harmless cultivation has had the good basic condition.Must achieve the mushroom room standard, the bed frame spacing reasonably, the environment is neat.Piles when the material the request cultivates the nourishment cleanly not to have gets moldy and spoil, the carbon nitrogen ratio is reasonable, carries out two times of fermentation technologies. Piles foresees accurately increases 30% the alfalfa or the corn straw, but effectively enhances the yield per unit of area.The mold mushroom spawn selects purely does not have mixed, does not have the pollution, the viability strong mold mushroom spawn, sows in good time, suitably enlarges broadcasts the type and quantity, adopts the cotton seed shell and the grain of wheat plants lamination sowing seeds, effectively overcomes the hypha to sprout the time pollution phenomenon the occurrence.Fills in must the solar insolation expose to the sun or uses after medicament processing;Processes between the mushroom room temperature, the humidity, the air contradiction, iscontrols plant disease the core measure.The recovery must be prompt, and must carefully eliminate on the mushroom room, the mushroom bed disease-carrying insect, dies disease-carrying insect source and so on mushroom, mushroom foot;Is taken bad when promptly selects does not have the environmental damage chemical control, the attention must transfers the moist period execute the medicine, and strict assurance amount used, active control disease-carrying insect source proliferation. The disease-carrying insect harm serious mushroom room and the bed frame must implement takes turns with the elimination. This is harmless to cultivation controls insect pest and disease to be most direct, the most effective method.Maintains freshness processing to have to use the national stipulation the edible chemical additive, ceases the use white to increase, the blanching industry chemical.Because the mushroom vegetal period is very short, appears generally from the mushroom grows the carpophore bud to the recovery only needs 4-6 day time, therefore must persist by guards against primarily, take governs as auxiliary, guards against again in the principle which governs, sets up the control disease-carrying insect pest and disease harm but is not the thorough elimination disease-carrying insect's thought, positively carries out ecology preventing and controlling and physical preventing and controlling, ceases pathogenic microorganism Insect and egg along with the mold mushroom spawn, cultivates the nourishment, the management process carries, strict control entire technical process link.