Study On Variation Characteristics Of Soil Salinization And Organic Matter In The Delta Oasis Of Dina And Yangxia Rivers Of Xinjiang

Soil is not only the material basis of human life and valuable natural resources, but also the earliest production of human exploitation. Face to the worsening ecological environment as a whole, land degradation has become an urgent environmental problems. Soil salinization is one of the main types of the world's land desertification and land degradation, as well as global resources and ecological problems, the study of soil organic matter has a great importance in study of soil fertility, environmental protection and plant growth .This article take Xinjiang Dina River - Yang Xia River Oasis soil samples as the research object, collected 138 soil samples from 46 point, and by chemical element analysis method, conducted quantitative determination of the indicators of the oisis's soil water-soluble salt, pH, conductivity, organic matter content and etc, and use software such as Excel 2003 and SPSS13.0 ,analyzed the data on these indicators, proposed soil improvement measures. Main conclusions are: (1)The average soil pH value is 7.46.According to acid-base classification standard,the soil is neutral, relative amplitude. The total salt content at different depths are 0 ~ 10 cm> 10 ~ 30cm> 30 ~ 50 cm, salt accumulated strongly on surface, the ion content of soil salinity changes also made the same rule. chloride - sulfate dominant in soil salts. It has notable spatial variability of ion concentration, when compared the different land use types in the study area, the total salt content order from small to large are orchard land, cultivated land, ecotone, unused land, populus euphratica and saline grassland. (2)Except of HCO3-,the other ions have strongly correlations with total salinity , correlations are above 0.5,and correlation is significant at the 0.01 level,especially the correlation is strongly between Cl-,SO42-,K++Na+ and total salt content. It means that, controlling anion in soil is sulfate ion and chloride ion, controlling cation is the sodium ion and potassium ion. Therefore, from the salinization we know that salinization of soil type chloride-sulfate type. (3) Through the soil soluble salt ions principal component analysis, can be drawn, Soil salinization in the region there are two main factors, the first principal component F1 for the Cl-, SO42-, Mg2 +, Ca2 + and K + + Na +, the second principal component F2 is HCO3-.(4)The soil organic matter content of the study area is between 0.3265% ~ 3.6258%, at a lower level. The organic matter content at different depths are 0 ~ 10 cm> 10 ~ 30cm> 30 ~ 50 cm, organic matter content is high on the surface layer. Organic matter content from high to low are the orchard woodland, cultivated land, populus euphratica, the saline grassland, unused land and ecotone. Soil salinization due to a natural and human factors. Natural factors include the study area's climatic conditions, geology, geomorphology and soil parent material conditions, hydrological conditions, vegetation conditions. Human factors include reclamation of soil, irrigation, tillage, fertilization and the evolution of soil, irrigation deposition and soil formation and evolution, cultivation effects on soil formation and evolution, human-induced soil degradation of the study area. Based on the above analysis, proposed a series of measures about the control of salinization and improve soil organic matter content.