Study On Soil Physical And Chemical Properties And Water Conservation Function Of Four Forest Types In Changbai Mountains

To study the difference of composition and decomposition of the litter, the characteristics of soil water retention, soil physical and chemical properties and water conservation function. Reveals the differences and rules of the soil characteristics and water conservation function between forest types. It is order to provides the basis of forest management and according to a certain theoretical meaning and practical reference value. Results show that:(1) The litter extant quantity of different succession stages is according with the positive forest succession. The litter amount is 28.96～56.42t.hm-2 in various forest types; The sequence of maximum water-storage of litter is virgin forest> polar-birch secondary forest>natural spruce-fir forest>artificial larch of 53years growth>artificial larch of 39 years growth> grassland.(2) The function of soil bulk density in different forest types is virgin forest> polar-birch secondary forest>natural spruce-fir forest>53-year-old artificial larch> 39-year-old artificial larch>grassland. The porosity are largest in the surface soil. The soil aeration and water storage capacity are best of the mixed coniferous forest, the next is broad-leaved forest and the last is coniferous forest.(3) The total water-storage of the different vegetation types is polar-birch secondary forest>natural spruce-fir forest>virgin forest>39-year-old artificial larch>53-year-old artificial larch> grassland, and The total water-storage of artificial larch forest was significantly reduced with increasing age.(4) The soil nutrient content are rich in this area. The soil total N, total P, total K and available K content of the polar-birch secondary forestwas significantly higher than other forest, and the soil available N and available P content are the highest in natural spruce-fir forest, and the differences are not significant in other forest types.The soil nutrient content is decreasing with the age increasing of artificial larch.(5) The forest soil is acidic, and the soil pH is between 4.68and 6.34. The soil pH of polar-birch secondary forest and grassland are significantly higher than other stands, and it is also significant in other forest stands. The results showed that with the increase of soil depth, the change of pH and soil depth had no obvious rule.