The Ecological Vulnerability Assessment Of Mountane Forest In Beijing Area

Ecological vulnerability assessment is the hot issue in the study of current global change and sustainable development. This paper aims to research the methods assessing the vulnerability of mountain forest ecosystem after consolidated the domestic and foreign research results. Evaluate the vulnerability of mountain forest ecosystems in Beijing objectively is not only important for the sustainable development of fragile ecological zones, but also for non-sustainable development of fragile ecological zones with the same reference. This paper selects the representative mountain forest ecosystems as the object, using the methods of field investigation and establishment of index system-level analysis to research the fragility of mountain forest ecosystems, and the conclusions as follows:1. Considering the three aspects of forest ecosystems from environmental factors, structural and functional factors and confounding factors, we have chosen 22 indicators that can represent characterization of vulnerability of mountain forest ecosystems in Beijing. According to the various ecological vulnerabilities we divided the mountain forest ecosystems into five levels as micro-mountain fragile, vulnerable low, moderate, weak, highly vulnerable, and extremely vulnerable.2. Though the methods of AHP, we established assessment indicator system for mountain forest ecosystem vulnerability, developed a vulnerability assessment standards, built the mountain forest ecosystem vulnerability assessment model. Finally, through field investigations combining with existing data, we select three regions as the Baihua Mountain Natural Protected areas, Badaling forest tree farm and Jiufeng National Forest Park as the research object, and analysis the the ecological fragility of mountain forests of the selected sample as a case.3. The vulnerability of 29 plots in Baihua mountain is between 38.33-77.95, of which there are 19 plots vulnerable lowly and moderately,7 plots moderately and 3 plots highly vulnerable. The lowly vulnerable community type is pine, Juglans mandshurica and Larch community. The moderately vulnerable community type is Quercus mongolica and Betula spine. The highly vulnerable community type is Orientalis. The value of vulnerability of 19 plots in Badaling is between 34.34 and 62.07, of which there are 14 plots lowly vulnerable,4 plots moderately vulnerable and 1 slicely vulnerable. The slicely vulnerable community type is Betula spine. The lowly vulnerable community type is Pine, maple, larch. The moderately vulnerable community type is Orientalis, Juglans mandshurica, black locust. The value of vulnerability of 20 plots in Jiufeng forest park is between 36.54 and 55.88, of which there are 15 plots lowly vulnerable and 5 plots moderately vulnerable. The lowly vulnerable community type is Pine, black locust, Quercus, larch. The moderately vulnerable community type is Orientalis, Acer truncatum.4. Comparing and analyzing the results of ecological vulnerability assessment in different three areas, we get the conclusion that Baihua mountain is the lowest ecological vulnerability of protected areas, followed by Jiufeng forest park, and Badaling is the most highly vulnerability area. The ecosystem vulnerability assessment results were consistent with the field investigation in this three regional forest, we proposed targeted management measures to provide reference and help the stability and healthy development of mountain forests.