Study On The Technology Of Pest Control In Organic Tea Plantation In Sichuan

Sichuan is one of the important tea produce areas in China, with the appropriate eco-environment as well as abundant tea index. the developing in modernization industry, the unreasonable using of agrochemicals and fertilizers result in the pollution of agriculture eco-system, ecosystem conditional depravation, and the quality of tea is critically influenced. The remains of agrochemical and heavy metals in tea become the concerning problem of tea trade and consumer, which makes the emergence with organic tea. This study were directed at the plenty species of tea pests, occurrence complications, excessively depend on chemistry agrochemical in the prevention and control, the over-standard agrochemical etc, and carried on a research to the pests outbreak in regularities, species of pests and natural enemies, physical control, and nature control...etc. In order to provide a best prevention and control method for organic tea garden, and standard basis of normalization for pests control in organic tea garden. The main study contents and conclusion are as follows:1 The main pest and natural enemy category in tea gardenThe total 9 orders,38 families,57 species of tea garden insects or spides were collected from mainly different ecosystem areas of the organic tea garden around Pujiang, Mabian and Hongya in Sichuan province in 2009. Among them with together Homoptera sting absorb sex pest most, total 16 species, have 28.07%, it is most heavy to harm Empoasca flavescens and Aleurocanthus spiniferusin the tea garden. The Coleoptera insect for the second advantage cluster reach to 13 species and have 22.81%. The Lepidoptera insect is third advantages, total 9 species of have 15.79%. Organic tea garden pest natural enemy total 2 clesses,9 orders,23 families,34 species, is known as the majority of Hymenoptera natural enemy, have 7 families are 11 species, take up 32.35% of the total amount of natural enemies. Secondly for Araneae 6 families 9 species of to have 26.47%, the Coleoptera natural enemy insect 2 families 6 species of to have 17.65%. Put forward a tea garden pest in Sichuan to record to record with tea garden pest natural enemy in Sichuan on this foundation.2 Study on the occurrence dynamic of the main pest species in tea gardenThe study on occurrence dynamics of four main pests was carried out in Pujiang. The result expressed A.spiniferus had 5 occurrence high peaks to expect for a year, by the end of the March namely exist winter generation more is larval, beginning of the May appear the first to do ill high peak; the end of April to the end of June all for larval the High Day, the beginning of July and the end of August again appear two high peak to expect, but amount more front several times greatly expect for reducing, hereafter in October getting into gradually wintering time. E, flasvescens whole year insect the growth and decay present two high peak, the young insect starts appearing in the end of March, and the beginning of the April insect numbers keep on a growth and go to the end of June to reach the biggest value in whole year. The end of May to the beginning of August expects for he High Day, hereafter in mid-October getting into gradually wintering time. Toxoptera aurantii has two occurrence high peaks to expect in the whole year, is occurrence for April 20 to May 10 the first high peak expect and appear the second-time harm high peak in September, but insect the density is a little bit last time little. Start the insect number in October the play reduce, until get into more winter state. Polyphagotarsonemus latus do ill to mainly have three high peaks and become before May, the P. latus quantity is gradual to rises in the beginning of May, reach a whole year in mid-June of the tallest amount of P. latus, afterward the amount of P.latus continuously descends, the beginning of the July again rally, to appear a two peak again at the beginning of August. Later on the quantity of P. latus is gradual to reduce, start getting into wintering time to more expect in mid-October.3 Study on the effect of application of sex pheromone clad plate control to A.spiniferus and E.flavescens in organic tea gardenAs the fact that chemical pesticides can not be used in organic tea plantation, A.spiniferus and E.flavescens happens at large and injures tea severely and there is no efficient disease prevention measure. The study on applying the technology of combining sex pheromone and yellow board were carried out in 2009-2010. Results show:Comparing the combined board of sex pheromone and ordinary yellow board (3boards/area) and yellow check-board (3boards/area) under the same density, trap insect effect to reach to show difference, the sex pheromone clad trap an insect to contain obvious effect. after hanging the boards 20 days. the combined one kills 9618 A.spiniferus per area and the check-one kills 6410 A.spiniferus per area. The quantity of the pests increases 50.05% by using the combining technology. the combined one kills 676 E.flavescens per area and the check-one kills 308 E.flavescens per area, the combined one to trap amount of insect to increase 100%, both of the difference all attain to show evident level.Trap the amount of insects hangs board density along with the combination board increment but increase. The small area trap amount of insect with compound the board density increase obvious ascension, but on the average each compound board traps amount of insect with compound the amount of boards increment present to reduce trend. After hanging 20 days, the density of the combined board is divided into 4 types (2 board/area,3 board/area,4 board/area and 5 board/area). The quantity of killed-A.spiniferus adults is 6195/area,9618/area,11860/area and 12276/area respectively., the total amount traps to kill E.flavescens, if the amount of insects then one by one in order is 590/area,676/area,898/area with 648/area. A.spiniferus each board traps amount of insect on the average is in successive order:3098/board,3206/ board,2965/board and 2455/board, E.flavescens each board on the average trap amount of insect then is in successive order:287/board,225/board,236/board and 126/board. With each time the small area reunite board density for 3 boards and 2 boards trap an insect efficiency tallest. The area trapd an insect total amount since the childhood, list the board trapd an insect amount, hanged board density and budget to throw in...etc. comprehensive factor consideration, small area 3 boards (namely each 20 boards are or so) are uses to reunite board to trap to kill A.spiniferus each time insect and E.flavescens become if insect's best density.In 2010, according to the standard using 20 combined boards in one acre of land, the popularization dynamics survey was carried out. Results show:After hanging 20 days, the combined board control in the field A.spiniferus and the effect ratio of E:flavescens check against pure check-board to raise 18.26%and 16.04% respectively.4 The predacious function of Amblyseius cucumerisThe simulated study under the artifical room condition (25℃,8L:16D,85±5%) showed that the functional responses of A.cucumeris (egg,larva, nymph and adult)to P.latus at different development stages were fit for the curve of Holling TypeⅡ.The function reaction equation is Na=0.4303 Ns/;(1+0.0125 Ns) Na=0.7806 Ns/;(1+0.0070 Ns) Na=0.4857 Ns/;(1+0.0092 Ns) Na=0.6188 Ns/(1+0.0093 Ns), R2 is 0.966-0.992, draw up to match better. The results showed that the predacious rate of A.cucumeris was negatively correlated to the density of predators and the selection coefficients (Q) of A.cucumeris female adult to P.latus egg, larva, nymph and adult were 0.6,1.52,0.76 and 1.12, respectively.