| Food issue is the major strategic issues, which concerns the People's livelihood, the social stability and economic development, increasing food production and enriching grain resources are the security of the people's livelihood and the stability. As a major food crops, wheat is planted a wide area. With the gradual promotion of scientific cultivation methods and the continuous improvement of the agricultural requirements, the research on the wheat metering device can not only achieve the primary goal of mechanization, but also pursuit of the high goals of precision planting. As the air- suction precision metering device with the better uniformity of sowing, the lower seed crushing and the higher flat-seed bed, research on the metering device has become the main issue increasingly sought after by many agricultural machinery scientists and scholars. Therefore, since 2008 the research group has been committed to the wheat pneumatic precision feeding device and the whole machine. In main view of the current problems of the pneumatic feeding device with easy plugging, difficult clearing and so on, Propose an idea of the tube-style pneumatic feeding device and through a large number of experiments prove that it's very feasible to achieve the wheal precision feeding device. However, the seed adsorption stability, the precision feeding device and uniformity remains to be further improved.To solve the above problem, put forward ideas of the wheat Slot-type pneumatic precision feeding device. Firstly, carried out four experiments on wheat seeds - the direct operations of the planter and systematically master its physical characteristics to provide the basis for the Optimization of the Slot-type pneumatic precision feeding device. Ultimately by reference to a large number of documents and study of Physical (wheat) Profiling Science, designed and produced the precision feeding device with the trapezoidal, "U" type and "V" type groove joint structure. Secondly, through the uniformities comparative bench test on the three kinds of groove joint structure and a single slot feeding device, it proved that the absorption coefficient of variation of the feeding device with Slot structure is lower than without slot (the single slot-style) wheat suction precision metering device twice and Seeding uniformity of the former is much better than the latter. Among three kinds of Slot-type precision feeding device, Trapezoidal Slot-type pneumatic precision feeding device has the most remarkable performance and its absorption coefficient of variation is only 9.5%.Eventually, the gap width of 0.4mm of the trapezoidal Slot-type pneumatic precision feeding device becomes the optimal solution precision seeding program and Ultimate success of the trial out of the first l trapezoidal Slot-type pneumatic precision seeder.Through laboratory and field experiment, the paper systematically describes the whole program including wheat seeds'physical characteristics , the three kinds of Slot-type pneumatic precision feeding device and the test on the trapezoidal Slot-type pneumatic precision seeder. In order to enhance performance of Slot-type pneumatic precision feeding device, especially designed a series of auxiliary agency. For example: compression spring-type combination elastic suppressing board, secondary protecting species with two protect species roles and seed box with Charge species gaps facing groove joint structure and so on.Carry out a field experiment about the uniformity of Slot-type pneumatic precision seeder in A, B, C three different plots of soil moisture. Slot-type pneumatic precision seeder with the higher control of precision sowing, the smaller sowing coefficient of variation and the better sowing uniformity, not only greatly reduces the phenomenon of ridge off Seedlings Deficiency, but also provides a good protection for the ultimate goal of food (wheat) yield harvest.
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