Effects Of Different Water And Fertilizers Coupling On The Grain Yield And Quality Of Spring Wheat

In this study, Xinchun 29 spring wheat was chosen as a experimental material and 312-D optimized saturation design was applied. Field experiment was conducted in Qitai county of Xinjiang to investigate the following three areas: (1) Effects of water and fertilizers coupling on spring wheat yield; (2) Effects of water and fertilizers coupling on protein content in spring wheat; (3) Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the dry matter accumulation, transport, as well as yield components of spring wheat. Results of the present study are as following.(1) Single factor of water or fertilizers had significant effects on the grain yield. The order of their effectiveness was nitrogen > phosphorus > water. Among which, nitrogen and phosphorus had positive effects on wheat yield. As for the effective of two factors coupling, the order of their effectiveness was nitrogen and phosphorus coupling > water and phosphorus coupling > water and nitrogen coupling. Among which, water and phosphorus coupling had a stimulation role in increasing wheat yield, whereas nitrogen and phosphorus coupling and water and nitrogen coupling had mutual replacement role in increasing wheat yield.(2) Single factor of water or fertilizers had significant effects on protein content in spring wheat. The order of the effectiveness was phosphorus > nitrogen > water. Among the single factor, nitrogen had positive effects on protein content. As for the effective of two factors coupling, the order of their effectiveness was water and phosphorus coupling > water and nitrogen coupling > phosphorus and nitrogen coupling. Among them, phosphorus and nitrogen coupling had a stimulation role in increasing wheat yield. While water and nitrogen coupling, and water and phosphorus coupling had mutual replacement role in increasing wheat yield.(3) There was a"S"form changes in the dry matter accumulation during the period from anthesis to maturity. The dry matter accumulation began to decline after the peak of 30 d anthesis. The dry matter accumulations in each treatment were S9 >S1 > S6 > S11 > S5 > S8 > S3 > S2 > S10 > S7 > S4 > S12, respectively. Among which, comparing to the control group (S12), the dry matter accumulation of S9 and S1 were 26.49%,26.43% and 63.9%, 63.5% higher than that of control group (S12). Which indicated that these two treatments can provide grain yield with plenty of matter resources. There was a positive relationship between grain yield and dry matter accumulation. The grain yield of these two treatments (water 4500 m3/hm2, 420 kg/hm2, phosphorus 52.5 kg/hm2 and water 4500 m3/hm2, nitrogen 210 kg/hm2, phosphorus 105 kg/hm2) was much higher than that of other treatments. It can be considered that these two treatments are considered as an optimal combination.0ptimizing management scheme of water and fertilizers is vital approach to increase yield, protein content, dry matter accumulation. Higher yield, protein content can be obtained via applying middle level of nitrogen, phosphorus and irrigation water use. It has provided theoretical basis for proper applying of nitrogen, phosphorus and water on spring wheat in the area.