Study On Growth Performance And Meat Trait Of Growth Retardation Pig

This study includes three experiments, the relationship between placental efficiency and the rate of IUGR(intrauterine growth retardation)was discussed, newborn piglets which have growth retardation after birth caused by the IUGR can have the compensation growth by adding different nutrients and the influence of growth retardation on pork quality was studied.Experiment 1: the relationship between IUGR and placental efficiencyThe study object were 355(1-4fetal)normal estrus and mating and giving birth YL and LY sows, the sow placenta were collected and weighted, as well as birth weight of piglets and litter weight. Records of the litter size, number of born alive, stillbirth, mummy number, IUGR piglets and sows of the breed and parity were collected and statistically analyzed. The results showed that: the higher the placental efficiency of sow, the higher the litter size and the number born alive, the lower the incidence of IUGR(P<0.05).The rate of IUGR(P>0.05) of multiparous sows were higher than primipara, the incidence of IUGR, stillbirth, mummies were significantly positively correlated with litter size(P<0.05), and negatively correlated with placental efficiency, and the correlation between the incidence of IUGR and stillbirth, mummy positive, Conclusion: the placental efficiency was positively correlated with litter size of sows and number born alive, and was negatively correlated with the incidence of IUGR, fetal death and mummy. The higher the efficiency of their litter size, the higher the placental efficiency, the more the litter size and number born alive, and the less the incidence of IUGR piglets, stillbirths and mummies.Experiment 2: Effects of different additive on growth performance and hematological parameters of growth retardation pigletsThe same fetus and 30±2 days D×L×Y piglets 120,(of which 105 pigs has growth retardation, 15 has normal) were selected. Growth retardation piglets were chosen by 10% method. Normal piglets was theⅠgroup, growth retardation piglets were randomly divided into seven groups ,each has three replicates, and each replicate have five piglets. The group ofⅠ,Ⅱwere the control groups, fed with diet foundation,Ⅲgroup was fed with the diet foundation +1%glutamine,Ⅳwas fed with the diet foundation+1%arginine, theⅤwas fed with the diet foundation+0.17%sodium butyrate, theⅥwas fed the diet foundation+0.1% oxytetracycline, theⅦwere fed with the diet foundation+0.1% oxytetracycline +0.17%sodium butyrate, theⅧwas fed with the diet foundation+VB12+inosine(intramuscular injection), experimental period was 28d. Growth performance, diarrhea rate, and hematological parameters of 14d and 28d growth retardation piglets during experiment phase were tested. The results showed that: feed intake and daily gain weight of normal control pig compare with control group of growth retardation were increased 42.67%(P<0.01), 52.27%(P<0.01), separately. The food and meat ratio was decreased 7.02%(P>0.05), and diarrhea rate was decreased 80.53%(P<0.01). Addition of glutamine, arginine, butyrate in diets can increase the intake and daily gain weight of growth retardation piglets(P<0.01), decrease the food and meat ratio(P<0.01)and diarrhea(P<0.01), improve the activity of ALP in serum and speed up the transformation of material and enhance the synthesis of protein and fat digestion and absorption, which were accordance with the increase of total protein, albumin, globulin, high density lipoprotein, glycerol three esters in serum and decrease of urea nitrogen. Conclusion: IUGR piglets after weaning compared with the normal piglets had lower growth rate and higher diarrhea rate, and the rate of protein synthesis and fat digestion and absorption were also weak. Addition of glutamine, arginine, butyrate in diets can significantly increased feed intake and daily gain of growth retardation piglets, reduced the food and meat ratio and diarrhea, improve the activity of enzyme in serum, enhance the synthesis of protein and lipid digestion and absorption.Experiment 3: the influence of growth retardation on the meat quality40 growth retardation D×L×Y pigs with 80kg were selected and divided into 5 groups on their growth time , each group had 8 heads .22 weeks was the first group(control), the experimental groupⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴwere fed 24weeks, 26weeks, 28weeks and 30 weeks. All these groups were feed on the same diet, and then butchered and the meat quality of the longissimus muscle was analyzed. The results showed that: at the level of 80kg weight, the lower the growth rate, the thicker of the fat, and the higher the dry matter, crude protein, intramuscular fat, inosinic acid, myoglobin content of the longissimus muscle, the lower the loin eye area and water loss rate. Conclusion: the growth retardation pigs growth slowly and had a low feed conversion, but the meat quality was improved.