Effects Of Controlled-release Compound Fertilizer On Staple Food Crop Growth And Soil Nutrients

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of blending controlled release fertilizer fertilization on growth of rice, wheat, and corn as well as soil nutrients. Study demonstrated positive effects of blending controlled release fertilizer fertilization on growth, soil nutrients, yield, nutrient utilization, economic benefits, reducing nutrient leaching and fruit quality compared with common fertilizer. Some indexes were significant. Main results were as followed:1. The Chlorophyll content and plant height of rice, wheat and corn are prior to planting with common fertilizer at the equivalent dosage or 20% reduced, but the difference was not significant.2. The nitrogen supply could better meet the needs of crop throughout the whole stage almost at the equivalent dosage compared with common fertilizer.3. Nitrogen utilization efficiency was significantly increased. The efficiency fertilized at the equivalent dosage, reduced dosage (80%), nitrogen reduced dosage (30%) and half dosage was increased by 56.8%, 90.5%, 42.8%, and 65.8% in rice fields and the index was increased by 25.7%, 78.3%, 35.0%, and 57.5% in wheat fields respectively. In addition, a good supply of nitrogen promoted the absorption of phosphorus and potassium. The utilization of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was increased by 17.6-88.2%, 52.3-116.4%. Low rate of nitrogen leaching reduced nutrient losses.4. Blending controlled release fertilizer fertilization supplied rationally, less nutrient loss and increased crop yields. The yield of rice in all above treatments was increased by 14.1 - 18.7% compared with common fertilizer as well as the 0.53-16.1% yield of wheat and 6.8-18.3% yield of corn. In particular, dosage reduced half could increased the yield, which demonstrated the advantage of controlled-release fertilizer.5. The yield of rice fertilized blending controlled fertilizer was increased by 11.2-18.1% as a result of the better aftereffect. In addition, the SPAD reading and plant height were better than common fertilizer.6. The economic benefits of all above treatments were higher. The increment of rice, wheat and corn was 87.35-147.90 Yuan per Mu, 40.25-82.89 Yuan per Mu, and 73.76-114.56 Yuan per Mu respectively.7. The grain protein and starch content of rice and wheat were higher almost at the same dosage. But all the differences were not significant. 8.Blending controlled release fertilizer as base fertilizer was applied only once throughout the growing stage , less than common fertilizer about twice fertilization, reducing the labor, saving the social costs, and indirectly enhancing the income of the farmers and social benefits.