Effect Of Transgenic Tomato On Soil Biological Characteristics And Nutrients Absorption

With development of science and technology, transgenic technology hasbeen involved in many aspects of our lives. Effects of transgenic crops on soilphysical, chemical and biological properties have gradually drawn people'sattention.In this paper, lab simulated experiment and pot experiment wereconducted, with tomato with nematode-resistance gene, shelf stable tomatoand ordinary tomato as materials, to systematically study the effects oftransgenic tomato and their straw decomposition on soil microbial biomasscarbon, number of soil microbe, soil enzymatic activity, as well as the contentof soil nutrients. And effect of tomato with stockpile gene to nutrientabsorption were studied tentatively. The main results are as follows:1.Residues of transgenic tomato straw had some effects on soilbiological properties. When adding low amount of tomato straw withnematode-resistance gene (2%), at early stage, soil urease activity wassignificantly higher than that in ordinary treatments, and at late stage, soilmicrobial biomass carbon was significantly higher than that in ordinarytreatments. During the whole time, there were no significant differences in thenumber of bacteria and actinomycete between the two treatments, and in thesecond sampling time, soil fungal number was significant higher in nematoderesistance treatments than that in ordinary treatments. When adding highamount of tomato straw with nematode-resistance gene (4%), soil ureaseactivity in nematode resistance treatments was significantly increased at earlystage, while the activity was significantly decreased at late stage. Only atearly stage, were there significant effects on the numbers of bacteria, fungusand actinomycete in nematode resistance treatments. Whether applied low or high amount of straw, there was no significant effects on soil invertase activity.2.Compared to ordinary tomato, transgenic treatment had no significant effect on soil urease activity. At early stage, soil alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased in transgenic treatments, and at middle stage, soil hydrogen peroxidase activity was significantly decreased. In the whole cultivation period, transgenic treatments reduced the number of fungi significantly, and at seeding stage,the number of fungi reduced most and reduced 31.82% compared with ordinary treatments. Transgenic treatments reduced the number of bacteria in some sampling times. There was no significant difference in soil actinomycetic number between the two treatments.3.With high level of fertilizer, transgenic tomato increased the content of soil available K significantly at early stage, while in the other sampling time the content of soil available K decreased significantly. Transgenic tomato had no significant effect on the content of soil ammoniacal nitrogen with high level of fertilizer, and reduced the content of soil available P in the first and last periods; With middle level of fertilizer, transgenic tomato increased the content of soil ammoniacal nitrogen, soil available P and soil available K significantly; With low level of fertilizer, transgenic tomato reduced the content of soil ammoniacal nitrogen, soil available P and soil available K significantly at full-bloom stage; With no fertilizer, transgenic tomato had no significant effect on the content of soil nitrate nitrogen, and the content of soil available P and soil available K were reduced significantly at first stage but were increased significantly at last stage.4.Transgenic tomato had different nutrient absorption properties wuth different fertilization levels. Compared to ordinary tomato, with high level of fertilizer, there was no significant effect on the content of plant total N in transgenic tomato in the whole cultivation period. Transgenic tomato reduced the absorption of total P but increased the absorption of total K significantly at last stage. With middle level of fertilizer, in the whole cultivation period, there were no significant effects on the absorption of total P and total K. At young fruit period, transgenic tomato reduced the content of plant total N significantly; With low level of fertilizer and no fertilizer, transgenic tomato had no significant effect on the content of plant total N. The content of plant P and total K were increased significantly in transgenic tomato at first stage but reduced at full fruit period.