Chemical Constituents And Anti - Complement Activity Of Essential Oil From

Bupleurum is a perennial herb plant of Bupleurum L, Ammineae Koch, Apioideae, Umbelliferae. As provision in the Chinese pharmacopoeia for the 2005 version, the dried root of chaihu was classified as a medicinal of the B.chinese DC. and the B.scorzonerif olium Willd, they were known as “beichaihu” and “nanchaihu” separately according to their different characteristics. Genus Bupleurum L has 150 kinds all over the world. This genus is mainly distributed in the northern hemisphere and subtropical areas. According to the flora of China, there is a total of 36 species of Bupleurum L in our country, including 17 varietas, 7 variants, of which 12 species are in Tibet, including 3 varietas.As for a well-known crude drug, Chaihu has been widely used in traditional chinese medicine, and it also has a long history for medicine. It has effects on antipyretic,analgesia, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory, Commonly used in colds, gastric and duodenal ulcers,diarrhea, gallstones, bile reflux gastritis; Shaoyang syndrome,Caused by qi stagnation with ease headaches, menoxenia, dysmenorrhea and collapse from qi deficiency and so on.Because the Bupleurum species are numerous and widely distributed,they have different methods used as medicine for different regions which depends on the conditions of local resources and medicinal habit. In thisstudy, in order to have a better and more comprehensive control on the quality of Bupleurum, we adopt the GC-MS technology to analyze and identify the chemical components of essential oils from the 6 samples in 5places(including Lhasa, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Qinba mountainous area). The essential oil were extracted and analyzed from different parts of Bupleurum marginatum by steam distillation in Lhasa,the materials were roots and the aboveground parts including flowers,stems and leaves. In Lhasa group, a total of 57 compounds were identified from the aboveground parts and 33 compounds were identified from roots; 59 of them were from hubei; 34 compounds were identified from Qinba mountainous area; 38 compounds were identified from Inner Mongolia; 36 compounds were identified from Shanxi.Using the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method,each sample of the saikosaponin were measured to provide the reliable basis for quality control of Bupleurum. Measured results showed that, the saikosaponin content were very different from different areas. The highest measured rate was saikosaponin d, and the measured rate of saikosaponin a was lower, the lowest measured rate was saikosaponin c. In these test samples, the content of saikosaponin d were higher than that of saikosaponin a, which is consistent to the result of the original ingredients measured content.With cell hemolysis method, the inhibition of erythrocytehemolysis for the samples to complement were respectively examined in the classical pathway and alternative pathway to test the effect of the anti-complement activity. The results showed that, water extracts parts,95% ethanol extracts parts and essential oil all have the anti-complement activity. And the anti-complement activity were different in each sample different extracts parts. Among the selected six samples in this study, the activity of the alternative pathway were different from different samples and different extraction parts; in the classical pathway, the activity of water extracts from roots of Bupleurum marginatum and 95% ethanol extracts parts are more obvious than other five samples, and the essential oil of the classical pathway activity was slightly weaker than other samples, the classical pathway activity was stronger than the alternative pathway of the Bupleurum marginatum. And in different parts of the extraction, the activity of the water extracts parts and 95% ethanol extracts parts was stronger than the essential oil. Therefore, we can choose the water extracts parts and 95% ethanol extracts parts of Bupleurum marginatum for further studies on the active ingredient.