The Studies On The Phylogeny And The Pharmaceutical Components Of Partial Ganoderma Genus

Ganoderma lucidum is one of renowned pharmaceutic fungus and one of the treasures of the Tradditional Chinese Medicine in China, and is regarded as "XianCao" all along between people. The recognition of Ling zhi appears in the ?Shengnongbencaojing? on about B.C. 1 century. The later dozens of masterpiece, for example, ?Bencaogangmu ? and so on, have a dissertation on Ganoderma. Today, the bio-science and related bio-technology have got a quicker development, the researchers also have had a comprehensive and in-depth study on the species of Ganoderma,biological characteristics, artificial culturing, the technology of deep fermentation , chemical elements, pharmacological, clinical application and the preparation of Ganoderma and made plentiful and substantial results and had some special works which have a systematics discuss.With the continuous recognition of all kinds of biological species growing on the earth, Linnae(1753) firstly created biological taxonomy.Initially, the Ganoderma was placed into the Plantae(Regnum Vegetabile). However, after having a deep research, people found that Ganoderma had not only many identical character, but also distinct difference as compared to animals, plants and bacterias. Thereafter Ganoderma was separated from the Plantae and became one group in the Eumycota.The Ganoderma was created by the Finnish scholar P.Karsten in 1881 and regarded Glucidum [(W.Curt: Fr) karst] as the representatives of the genus. The genus was divided into subgen. Ganoderma,subgen Elfvingia and subgen Trachyderma Imazeki, of which , the subgen Ganoderma was divided into Sect. Ganoderma and Sect. Phaeonema.The contents of this paper include three parts:1.The research of the phylogeny of GanodermaThe aim of this part was to have a study on the phylogeny of Ganoderma collected in differental provinces of China and found the differences among strains, especially between the formal names and the names used in the business.The studies used DNA sequence analysis of 25S ribosomal and ITS rRNA genes. The gene trees were phylogenetically generated from ITS and 25 S rDNA data sets of this study along...