Isolated Microspore Culture Of Eggplant And Studies On Morphological Development

Six different eggplant cultivars were used in this study, including 245,239,233,208, 207 and 192. The effects of genotype, anther development period, pretreatment and culture condition on microspore culture were studied. At the same time, the development of microspore after isolating and the growing of callus were observed. The results are as follows:1. There were evident differences in callus induction rate and plantlet formation rate of different eggplant genotypes. Among the six genotypes tested, each obtained callus. 245 had the highest callus induction rate of 60.58%. Shoots and leaves were obtained from it. Other five cultivars did not obtain shoots or leaves.2. The relationship between appearance character of bud and stage of microspore was studied here. The length between the petal and the base of the sepal split is the standard of judgement. When the length of petal is 0~2mm longer or shorter than the base of the sepal split, most microspores were at uninucleate stage. It's suitable for isolated microspore culture of eggplant.3. The effect of pretreatment on survival rate of microspore was studied by 5 kinds of pretreatment including 4℃, 3℃, changed temperature treatment, no sugar treatment, activated carbon treatment. At the same time, the efficient pretreatment that elevating and maintaining survive rate of microspore was chosen for condition test. The result showed that different cultivars had different feedback after different pretreatments. Changed temperature treatment and no sugar treatment had better effect on survival rate for 6 cultivars, especially the former treatment of 4℃ pre-treatment for 3 days then 36℃ for 3 days.4. No sugar treatment and co-culture of microspores and anthers were combined to induce callus from isolated microspores. Initial co-culture of freshly isolated microspores and anthers was in sterile distilled water for 7 days in the dark, then the anthers were moved away and the microspores were transferred to freshly KM medium with 0.2mg/L 2, 4-D,0.5mg/L ZT,1.0mg/L NAA and 6.5% glucose in the dark. After 20 days of re-culture, small calli were derived from microspores. The individual effects of induction medium, carbon resource and the changing time of freshly medium and other factors on six genotypes were evaluated in this study. The suitable medium that benefit for the microspore development was found. Meanwhile, the callus induction rate of each cultivars were evaluated and the differencesbetween genotypes were obtained.5. The calluses derived from isolated microspore culture were re-cultured for plantlets formation. The way of plantlet formation from callus was studied. It shows that the best plantlet formation was obtained from the phytohormones-free MS medium with agar 8g/L. The culturing of callus at 4℃ for 5 days was beneficial for callus differentiation.