| Botanical character,leaf anatomic structure, photosynthetic capability, disease resistance, phenological period, commercial character and cold-resistance of 20 varieties of pistachio were studied through principal component analysis, cluster analysis and discrimination analysis in Taihang mountains. 22 indexes of the botanical character, leaf anatomic structure, photosynthetic capability and disease resistance character with which high correlation to the growth adaptation characteristic were selected. And the 20 varieties of pistachio were evaluated through the resemblance-near principal component analysis with those indexes, 6 cultivars of pistachio were selected as the best cultivars in growth adaptation character. These who combine to the comprehensive evaluation results of the phenological period, commercial character and cold-resistance, 3 principal cultivars and 2 pollination cultivars could be selected in 20 different varieties of pistachio. The results as follow:(1) 7 botanical character indexes (total branch, ong branch quantity, average crown diameter, stem diameter, scion growth height, internode length, shoot growth) of significant effects on classification were selected through principal component analysis. 20 different varieties of pistachio were classified into 4 groups through cluster analysis. By means of discrimination analysis, 'B', Mateur, Peter, Sirora, Joley, Safeed, M38, LarnaKa, Ashoury, Aegina were selected as the excellent botanical character cultivars.(2) 5 leaf anatomic structure indexes (the thickness ratio of palisade tissue and leaf, the thickness ratio of palisade tissue and spongy tissue, the thickness of palisade, spongy and underneath epidermise) were selected by principal component analysis, and then through cluster analysis, 20 different varieties of pistachio were classified into 4 groups. By discrimination analysis, 'B',M-38 were selected as the best cultivars in leaf anatomic structure character, Aegina, Safeed, Sirora, M-38, Ouleimy, Xinjiang selected, Xingjiang cultivars,Kerman, Avidon, Joley, Larnaka, Mateur, Peter and Ashoury were selected as the midding cultivars in leaf anatomic structure character.(3) By means of cluster and discrimination analysis, 'B', Avidon, Aegina, Safeed, Sirora and M-38 were selected as the fine cultivars in both photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency among the20 different varieties of pistachio.3 photosynthetic character indexes (Pn, E, WUE) of significant effects on classification were selected through principal component analysis. Cluster analysis was used to classify the photosynthetic characters of pistachio varieties and 20 different varieties of pistachio were classified into 4 groups and 2 subgroups according to these indexes, then by means of discrimination analysis, 'B', Avidon, Aegina, Safeed, Sirora, M-38 were identified which owned excellent photosynthetic character.The results of cluster and discrimination analysis with 4 chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (the conversion efficiency of primary light energe (Fv/Fm) of Psâ…¡, the potential photosynthetic activity(Fv/Fo) of Ps â…¡, the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), the Non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) ) in 20 different varieties ofpistachio illustrated that 6 cultivars ('B', Xinjiang selected, Latwhardy, 'C\ M-38, Safeed) were identified which owned excellent potential photosynthetic ability.The results of principal component, cluster and discrimination analysis on photosynthetic chlorophyll fluorescence indexes in 20 different varieties of pistachio illustrated that 3 cultivars ('B', Aegina, Safeed) were by far the best and 7cultivars (Peter, Ashoury, Ouleimy, Sfax, M-38, Xingjiang select. Xingjiang cultivars) were by far the better among the 20 different pistachio varieties.(4) Cluster analysis was used to classify the incidence of diseases indexes (sigatoka disease, fusarium wilt, gummosis) of pistachio varieties and 20 different varieties of pistachio were classified into 6 groups. By means of discrimination analysis, Mateur, 'B', Ashoury, Peter and M-38 were identified which owned excellent disease Resistance character.(5) 7 economic traits indexes (the number of spike/scion, spike diameter, kernel/stone, fruit diameter, fruit weight, nutlet length, nutlet weight) were selected through principal component analysis. Cluster analysis was used to classify the economic traits of pistachio varieties and 7 different varieties of pistachio were classified into 2 groups. Aegina, M-38 and Ashoury were identified which owned excellent economic traits by discrimination analysis.The phenological period investigated and the results of analysis of variance on economic traits of 'B', Peter and Mateur illustrated that 'B' combined to Mateur should be the optimum arrangement of pollination trees.All of the 20 different pistachio varieties had showed high cold-resistance characteristic, the damage degree of cold was light.(6) 22 indexes of botanical character, leaf anatomic structure, photosynthetic capability and disease resistance with which high correlation to the growth adaptation characteristic were selected, by means of resemblance-near principal component analysis, 'B', Aegina, Peter , Ashoury, Safeed and M-38 were identified by far the best among the 20 different pistachio varieties in the growth adaptation character.(7) The 'B' cultivar had showed excellent economic trait and growth adaptation character, the Mateur had showed common growth adaptation character. However the Mateur owned high disease Resistance character and its phenological period was in coincide with female cultivars. So, Comprehensive evaluated 'B' combined to Mateur should be the optimum arrangement of pistachio pollination trees. Aegina, Ashoury and M-38 had showed excellent economic traits and growth adaptation characters, which would be the principal cultivars in Taihang mountains.
|
PDF Full Text Request