Study On Characteristics Of Flower Bud Differentiation And Inheritance Tendency Of Different Peach Species

Morphological process of flower bud differentiation was studied systematically for the first time by paraffin section method with different kind of germplasm resources of peach. Materials included Prunus kansuensis , Prunus persica ssp. ferganensis , Prunus persica and twenty plants from populations of the crossing progenies (Prunus kansuensis × Prunus persica) . In this paper, law of flower bud differentiation of Prunus kansuensis, Prunus persica ssp. ferganensis and the crossing progenies ( Prunus kansuensis × Prunus persica ) was confirmed. Moreover relativity on time of flower bud differentiation and blossom period as well as genetic property of flower bud differentiation was analyzed . The results were showed as follows:1. Flower bud differentiation process of different peach genus was unanimous. The process included six phases: flower bud differentiation pre-phase, flower bud differentiation initiation phase, sepal differentiation phase, petal differentiation phase, stamen differentiation phase and gynoecia differentiation phase.2. Different peach species had different initiation period of flower bud differentiation, flower bud differentiation of Prunus kansuensis and crossing progenies (Prunus kansuensis X Prunus persica) started in the first or middle ten days of June which was earlier than that of others. However, flower bud differentiation of Prunus persica ssp. ferganensis and Prunus persica, started from the last ten days of June to the first ten days of July.3. Development phase of Megagametophyte and Microgametophyte of Prunus kansuensis wasn't synchronism. Microgametophyte was mature earlier than Megagametophyte.4. Development phases of Megagametophyte of Prunus kansuensis , Prunus persica ssp. ferganensis and Prunus persica weren't unanimous. Prunus kansuensis go through the winter in the form of ovule anlagen. However , other species shaped ovule anlagen in the next spring.5. The results from cell anatomical configuration of flower bud differentiation showed the flower bud differentiation phase of crossing progenies of Prunus kansuensis with Prunus persica was similar to Prunus kansuensis without distinct...