Study On Watermelon's Key Planting Technique For High Yield, Good Quality And High Efficiency In Protected Cultivation

The research is aimed at selecting miniature watermelon cultivars for early spring protected cultivation in Nanjing,studying the effect of solid substrate culture on production,quality and disease resistance of miniature watermelon,selecting suitable plug tray,substrate and superior combination for watermelon's industrialized seedling,selecting suitable grafting stock for watermelon and studying the effect of grafting on production,quality and disease resistance of watermelon. The main results are as follows:1.Five miniature watermelon cultivars were selected by studying their growth vigor,production,quality and disease resistance under protected cultivation in early spring. Chunhongyu's growth vigor is superior to other cultivars, Huangjin's growth vigor is the poorest of the five cultivars. The five cultivars are all early maturity, without obvious difference in growth period. The production of Chunhongyu is significantly higher than that of other cultivars, but the production of Ninmi No.2 is the lowest of five cultivars. Huangjin is strongest and Ninmi No.2 is poorest in disease resistance. The fruit quality of Ninmi No.2 is superior to that of other cultivars, however,Goodluck is the most inferior. In summary, Cbunhongyu is the most suitable miniature watermelon cultivar for early spring protected cultivation in Nanjing.2.The experiment was performed on miniature watermelon seedlings raised in different plug trays and various substrates. 50-plug tray with bigger nutrition area is better than 72-plug tray in emergence incidence, the growth of plant height and stem diameter,the growth and development of leaf,moreover, sound seedling index and G-value of 50 plug tray is bigger than that of 72-plug tray. Format A3 is superior to other three substrates in the growth of plant height, however,format A1 is the best in the growth of stem diameter, the growth and development of the leaf, the increase of aerial part/ underground dry matter weight. At the same time, the sound seedling index and G-value of format A1 is bigger than that ot other substrates. As above described,the best combination of the eight treats is 50-plugx Format A1.3.Plant growth vigor,production,quality and disease resistance of a miniature watermelon were investigated under the condition of solid substrate culture and soil culture. The growth vigor, average fruit weight and production of the watermelon in substrate culture are lower than that in soil culture, meanwhile,the time of flowering and harvesting in substrate culture was postphoned with compared to that in soil culture. Hovever, the sugar content of watermelon fruit in substrate culture is higher than that in soil culture,the disease resistance of watermelon plant is obviously enhanced and the development period of watermelon fruit is decreased in substrate culture. According to the results of precedented study and analysis,only if people took use of suitable substrate and managed nutrition solution strictly, the growth vigor and disease resistance of plant,production,quality of watermelon in substrate culture would be better than that in soil culture.4.The effect of five kinds of rootstocks on the growth and development of plant, production,quality and disease resistance of watermelon were studied by comparing grafted plants with own-rooted ones. The results showed that the survival rates of Yuzhen 60A and Jingxinzhen No. 1 were higher than that of other three stocks. The growth vigor of all grafted watermelon is stronger than that of own-rooted ones. At the...