| With data from fixed sample plots of six main forest types in Lianxiahe small watershed of Three Gorge Reservoir Area of Yangtze River water conservation capacity has been studied, the results show mat the relative interception ranges from 15.59 % to 25.45 % on an average of 20.95 %. Under the same rainfall the decrease order of canopy interception in the different forest types is coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest, Masson pine forest, broadleaf forest, coniferous mixed forest and cypress fittest The quantity of litter layer in different forest types varies from 10.52t / hm~2 to 21.97t / hm~2 on an average of 16.42 t / hm2, the decrease order of quantity of litter form is coniferous and broadleaf forest, cypress forest, Masson pine forest, coniferous fittest, broadleaf forest and shrubbery. The maximum water holding capacity of litter form in different forest types varies from 2.66 mm to 4.19 mm on an average of 3.48 mm, and the decrease order is cypress forest, coniferous forest, coniferous and broadleaf forest, Masson pine forest, broadleaf forest and shrubbery. The water holding capacity of non-capillary porosity of soil layer in different forest types varies from 29.98 mm to 44.16 mm on an average of 38.62 mm, and the decrease order is cypress forest, coniferous and broadleaf forest, coniferous forest, Masson pine forest, shrubbery and broadleaf forest.The total interception decrease order of rainfall is cypress forest (51.77 mm), coniferous and broadleaf forest (48.49 mm), Masson pine forest (46.48 mm), coniferous forest (44.60 mm), shrubbery (37.76 mm) and broadleaf forest (35.36 mm) in different forest types. The whole forest ecosystem holding water per hectare varies from 353.6t to 517.7t, and value varies from 236.91 yuan to 346.86 yuan.The existing of natural broadleaf forest and Masson pine forest is enhanced to protect at the headstream of small watershed. Afforesting and grass planting through closing areas is carried out for the young tree and shrubbery. Convertion of farmland to forest or pasture (Sloping plowland <25°) is implemented at the middle and lower reaches of the river. High efficient economical forest is developed, for example, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Gingkgo biloba L., Castanea mollissima Bl. or Citrus reticulata Blanco. Model is popularized actively such as Pinus massoniana Lamb. - Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. - Salvia miltiorrhizea bge mixed forest.The beauty landscape construction is strengthened on the base of the rational exploitation tour resource with soil and water conservation construction. At the important area of river landscape, we should stress on planning, designing and rebuilding riparianbuffer forest, developing forest through closing areas for the young tree, planting landscape forest at the wilderness, building tour road, canal and ropeway. It is supported energetically to add up some beauty villages and integrate with tour, sightseeing and economy development in order to come into being a summering resort with beauty environment and primitive simplicity and nature. |
