Genetic Variation And Correlation Of Kernel Quality Characters And Determination Means Of Near-infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy(NIRS) In Normal Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Maize is one of important cereal crops in China, which is main resource of food, feed and starch processing material. Through enhancing the kernel quality character of nutrition and processing and edibles and other in maize, the utilizing value of maize is improved in foodstuff and feeding and processing industry. And these can benefit to promote transform increment of maize and its development of industry and to increase income of farmer. And there is essential meaning for developing of feeding and processing industry and high quality and efficient agriculture. There are so many merits for the analysis technique of modern near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) such as rapidness and non-destruction and non-pollution and low-consumption and simultaneity analysis for much content and on-line analysis in distance. Consequently, it is meaningful for theory and valuable for practice to study its method of determing cereal quality and inheritance improvement.The objectives of the study are as follows:In order to analyze and improve the maize quality, the model which is integrity blend maize kernels of NIRS should be enhanced since the model of NIRS which was established in laboratory of quality was localized, and the oil content model of NIRS of integrity single maize kernel was set up.The genetic variation and correlation of quality characters of 74 inbreed lines which were parents of elite hybridize varieties that were grew widely. At the same time according to the result of heterotic groups by SSR marker, the quality of five main heterotic groups were analyzed and appraised.Improving population of high content starch was conducted by established analysis model. And the effect of recurrent selection about starch content was evaluated in population HS-1.The main results of present study were as follows: concentration= content1. Average protein, starch and oil content of 74 inbred lines were 12.15%, 66.19%, 3.28%, ranged 9.62%-14.66%, 62.34%-70.67%, 1.83-4.77%, respectively. The correlation analysis shows there was significant negative correlation between the concentration of protein and starch and negative correlation between the concentration of starch and oil but not significant. And there was positive correlation basically between the concentration of protein and oil but not significant too. The protein concentration of Zi330 heterotic group, which reached to 12.71%, was highest among five major heterotic groups; the oil concentration of Tem-tropic in the kernel and in the embryo and kernel density which was 3.69%, 45.49%, 1.24g/ml respectively was highest among five major heterotic groups. The concentration of starch and fifty kernel weight and fifty kernel volume and fifty kernel embryo weight and fifty kernel endosperm weigh which were 66.75%, 12.98g, 11.10ml, 1.05g, 11.16g respectively was highest for RYD.The concentration of protein, oil, starch was 12.32%, 12.20%; 3.08%, 3.33%; 66.51 %, 65.02% respectively in Tang SPT and LAN.2.The established model of intact blend kernel had been optimized by the technique of the Fourier transform near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and chemometrics. The determination coefficient of predicted and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of the concentration ofprotein, oil, and starch reached 0.9559, 0.304; 0.9359, 0.42; 0.887, 0.95 respectively. Furthermore, the distributing of the concentration of quality was more extensive and uniform in the optimized model. The determination coefficient of predicted and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) in the established model of intact single kernel of oil content reached 0.9684 and 0.429 respectively. These data show that the method could satisfy breeding's needs.3. A synthesizing population, HS-1, was improved for starch concentration using recurrent selection by NIRS and low oil by Nucleus Magnetic Resonance (NMR). After two-cycle recurrent selections, the starch content raised from 68.15% to 69.27%, and the response selection of starch was 1.12%, and the gain of selection was 1.64%, and each recurrent...