Genetic Study And Physiological And Biochemical Analysis On The Male Sterile Mutant Of Sugar Pea (P.sativum L.var.macrocarpon Ser.)

This paper was carried on in order to study genetic characteristic of the male sterile mutant of sugar pea (P. sativum L. var. macrocarpon Ser.) and analyse its male sterile mechanism from two points on phytohormone and isoenzyme. The results were showed as follows:The male sterile character of this mutant was heritable and due to a genic recessive gene. With the exception of its anthers being lightly yellow and half-transparent and completely lack of pollens, its appearance was similar to that of normal fertile plant. This sterility was stable in different years and seasons. There was no significant difference between the female fertility of the male sterile plants and that of the normal fertile ones.Genic male sterile line 93002AB whose fertility was stable had been developed by means of this male sterile mutant in sugar pea. Its growing time is ninety-two days, and plant height is 98.3cm, and first flower bud emerges from the twelfth or thirteen node, and useful branch is 1 to 3, and flowers are white, and pods are round, and growth is infinite, and seeds were green and rugate, and weight of a hundred of seeds is 30.49 gram.The content of each of four phytohormones that included 1AA, GA₃, iPA and ABA was measured in flowers and leaves of the male sterile and fertile plants of sugar pea at different developing stages by the means of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays). The change of the content of every phytohormone in flowers and leaves of the sterile was significantly different from that of the fertile. The content of 1AA and that of iPA in flower buds of sterile plants were lower than that of fertile ones at early developing stage, and the content of GA₃ and that of ABA were higher at every developing stage. The every change of phytohormonal content in leaves was similar to that in buds.By means of PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), four kinds of isoenzymes, which included peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), esterase (TEST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed in the stamen, pistil, petal, calyx and leaves of the male sterile and fertile plants of sugar pea. More CAT isoenzyme bands, and less EST isoenzyme bands and lower activity, and higher POD and SOD activity were observed in the stamen, pistil, petal and calyx of the male sterile plants than that of the fertile ones, especially in stamen. There was no significant difference between the leaves of the male sterile plants and those of the fertile ones in the isoenzyrnograms of four enzymes.