| Cyclamen is a kind of herbage flowering plants growing for many years. It belongs to primulaceae and has an orbicular, flattened tuber. It is originally planted in Greece and Syria. At present, Cyclamen is planted in the greenhouse and also one of important flowering species in the north of China. The original varieties of Cyclamen severely degenerate because of inbreeding and self-fertility of their planted seeds in successive years. The character of its seedling offspring from excellent breeds, which are presently imported and cultured, is gravely separated. Clone of cyclamen can recover and retain its breed property, and a number of seedlings are quickly propagated through tissue culture.The tubers of Cyclamen have many biological activities. They are used in Turkish folk medicine against infertility. Compounds within the bulbs can accelerate uterus contraction and heal snake' s bites. The toxic components have a variety of toxic effects on human. Man who wrongly ingests the tubers has got the symptoms of enteritis, tinnitus and spasm. The study on active components can provide some theoretical materials about exploiting medicine values of Cyclamen.Clone of Cyclamen through tissue culture is studied, and aseptic seedlings are cultured as the explants. The study is done on antimicrobial effect of Secondary metabolites, on isolation, purity and primary determination of its components, from tissue culture and adult plant. The results show that: 1. Clone of cyclamen is fast propagated through tissue culture. Theresults show that it is necessary to add 6-BA and 2, 4-D during primaryculture in order to start differentiation of adventitious buds. Duringsuccessive culture, hormones, sugar sources, cultivar and individual plantlet all have significant influence on differentiation of buds and regeneration of shoots. During the rooting stage, there is clearly different between the concentration and different varieties of hormones. Before rooting, adventitious buds become stronger through another time of culture and the plantlets show better performance in rooting and growth.2. The cultural liquid and callus of Cyclamen persicum Mill is extracted through the petroleum ether, the chloroform and the alcohol. Antimicrobial effect of the fractions, which are isolated by the silica gel column chromatography, are tested . The experiment shows that many separated fractions of petroleum ether extractions from callus and of the chloroform extractions from the cultural liquid have the strongest antimicrobial effects on all the tested bacteria. Only a few of fractions have antimicrobial effect on several bacteria, which are isolated from chloroform and alcohol extractions of callus and from alcohol extractions of the cultural liquid. The results show that the number of antimicrobial fractions from liquid culture extractions of Cyclamen is more than that of adult plants, and the components between them are also clearly different.3. Alcohol extractions from cultural liquid, callus and the tuber of adult plant are fractioned by Si gel column chromatography, eluting with increasing amounts of H20 in CH3CH2OH (CH3CH2OH, 95% CH3CH20H, 80% CH3CH20H, 50% CH3CH20H, 30% CH3CH2OH). The result shows that saponins in the fractions isolated from callus and the tuber of adult plant, eluting with CH3CH2OH, 95% CH3CH20H, 80% CH3CH20H, 50% CH3CH2OH, 30% CH3CH20H are positive, but saponins from cultural liquid are negative.4. Pale yellow crystal is separated from chloroform extractions from cultural liquid, which is acidified by 1NH2SO4, by Si gel columnchromatography. It is identified as Bis(5-formyl-furfuryl)ether by the maps of MS , IR, UR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC,1H-1H COSY . It is a pure compound from secondary metabolite which structure is changed in extracted process. |
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