Study On The Genetic Characteristics Of Supernumerary Spikelets Wheat 51885 (Triticum Aestivum L.)

51885 was a supernumerary spikelets wheat with a large ear and more florets, which was F5 generation derived from the cross between octoploid triticales and common wheat. This paper deals with the cross of the supernumerary spikelets wheat 51885(Triticum aestivum L.) with seven cultivars (T.aestivum L.), the genetic regulation of F2 and FS generation supernumerary spikelets in the major ear, flag leaf traits (F2 population derived from the cross between 51885 and Hua 21006), including flag leaf length, width, thickness, the relations between supernumerary spikelets and flag leaf character, the correlation between supernumerary spikelets and other objective traits, the heritability of major agronomic traits were analyzed. The results indicated as following:The supernumerary spikelets of wheat 51885 were controlled by two pairs of main dominant genes, the genotype of the supernumerary spikelets of wheat 51885 was DDKK, and they acted complementary effect, a pair of main dominant genes DD could only been tested under the genetic background of hua 21006, hua51886, hua 95-266, hua 95-265 and hua 99-1323, but a pair of main dominant genes KK could been only identified under the genetic background of yi 89-11 and tall plant wheat, which could not be identified under the genetic background of other five common spikelets wheat. Though the supernumerary spikelets of wheat 51885 were controlled by two pairs of main dominant genes, they were probably influenced by the minor genes or modifying genes under the some genetic background to show the transgressive to tall parent.The flag leaf length, width and thickness were respectively controlled by a pair of main dominant genes. Though they were controlled by a pair of main dominant genes, they were also probably influenced by the minor genes or modifying genesThere were linkage between the gene D controlled by the supernumerary spikelets and the gene L controlled by the flag leaf length, and the gene W controlled by the flag leaf width. Their cross-over value was respectively 20.587% and 29.910%, but there were no linkage between the gene T controlled by the supernumerary spikelets and the genes controlled by the flag leaf thickness.There was no obvious correlation between the number of spikelets in the major ear inseven F2 crosses and the main ear nodes, length between flag and ear, effective ears per plant, 1000-grains weight, grains weight per plant. There was obvious correlation between the number of spikelets in the major ear and plant height, heading date, length of ear node, length of main ear, length of main ear in individual cross, this showed that the expression of the genes controlled by the number of spikelets in the major ear had some relations with genetic background. There was negative correlation between the genes controlled by the number of spikelets in the major ear and the genes controlled by heading date.1000-grains weight and plant height among the major six objective traits had higher heritability and were less influenced by environment, which could be selected at early generation. Other four traits among the major six objective traits had lower heritability, which were more influenced by environment and should be selected at late generation. The heritability of the major six objective traits in two crosses did not show completely identity.