| The organic waste is cheap,the material is widely, it can solve the environmental problem when using it as the soilless culture substrate. Also it has good physical and chemical properties. But there are some unstable substance in it and it has a lot of hazardous substance such as pathogens, pests and some seeds, it needs preliminary treatment before use. The common way is ferment. Studies were conducted on the material sunflower stalk, bean stalk and maize stalk ,adding different ammount of nitrogen ,fungus in order to find the good way of the preliminary treatment of organic waste .Also using sunflower stalk, bean stalk and vermiculite to grow Cucumis sativus growth. The main results obtained as following:The substrate can reach high temperature after ferment. There are five days of 55—65 degree in all, this can delete pathogens, pests and so on. In the same time the organic waste have better physical and chemical properties after ferment. The ratio of carbon nitrogen is also decrease. After one month ferment the ratio of carbon nitrogen of sunflower stalk decrease from 76.264 to 17-38, bean stalk decrease from 31 to 16-24, maize stalk from 27 to 15-20.After 90 days of ferment the ratio of carbon nitrogen continue decreasing, the substrate change to stabilization. The totle porosity was increased , the ratio of gas and water is better.Considering the physical and chemical properties factor and economic factors, the treatment of K2 is the best one. The total porosity reached 67.8 percent, the ratio of gas and water reached 1:2.3 which is feasible to the plant growth.The treatment of the adding fungus reach higher temperature than that not adding. The K6 is the best sunflower stalk treatment, while D2, Y4 is also the best one among bean stalk and maize stalk.Among the different compounding ratio of sunflower stalk, bean stalk and vermiculite ,the treatment 7 which the ratio of vermiculite and bean stalk is 20:80 is the best treatment. |
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