Study On Induced Mutation Of Colored Cotton By Nitrogen Ion Implantation

Ion Beam bioengineering technology has been considered as a new method for mutation breeding. With low-energy ions implanted into organisms,the biological effects and the function mechanisms of the technology were investigated by some researchers ,and the technology has been used into genetic breeding and gene engineering. The researchers have observed some biological effects and revealed some basic mechanisms for past decade,and the great development and application have been obtained.In this paper ,the mutation biological effects of the colored cotton implanted by nitrogen ions were studied and discussed.Seeds of XC1(brown) and XC3(green) were implanted by Nitrogen Ion Beam, energy was 30 keV,doses were 0,4×1016 N＋ions/cm2,6×1016 N＋ions/cm2,8×1016 N＋ions/cm2,12×1016 N＋ions/cm2,16×1016 N＋ions/cm2.No-treated seeds were control. The experiment divides into two parts: The first part was in the laboratory , the germination percentage of the seed, the biochemical index of the physiology, isoenzyme, the seed surface and constructs etc were studied after the N+ implantation, which offered the theoretical foundation for the fact that the ion beams implanted into colored cotton .The second part was in the experiment field, the seeds were planted in the field of TIANCAI, controlling the temperature and light, two lines of each doses and repeated it, the field management was according to the general way, and reaped individually, then measured the main economic characteristics: boll weight, lint percent ,fiber length, fiber strength, micronaire and so on. The experimental result was as follows:(1) Some physiological and biochemical indexes after ion beams implantation were observed ,such as peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),superoxide(SOD)et.al.According to the results,the activity of the indexes enzyme increased compared with control in the low doses (4－6×1016 N＋/cm2).But with the doses increasing, the activity decreased.These two breeds had a different peak. Then ,the activity increased again.The MDA and conductivity changed similarly.(2)After having observed the germination of seeds implanted by ion beams,the results showed: Germination rate of seeds appeared to be saddle line with the doses increasing.(3) The main economic traits in M1 were measured,the results indicated that the boll weight, lint percent had an apparent variation. The implanting dose 12×1016 N+/cm2 could induce positive effect,but the ion implantion had a different effect on the fiber length and fiber strength.A passive effect on the XCI(brown),and the XC3(green) was contrary.(4)Analysed the peroxides isoenzyme photograph,we can know there was not prominent difference among the each doses.(5)The micro-structure analysis of implanted surface cell of seeds was done.The sputtering effect produced by ion beams implanting was researched.Moreover with the increase of the dose,the damage became more serious.