| The experiment was carried out from 2002 to 2003 to study the effect of the application of organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer on the grain yield and end-use quality of wheat, soil nutrient, the distribution of NO3--N in the soil profile of 0-100 cm in Qianzhuliu, Longkou, Shandong Province, P. R. China. YN15 and JM20, two typical cultivars of winter wheat cultivated in local city were used in this study. The main results were as follows:The effect of different treatment on wheat grain yield Under high-yield condition, wheat grain yield were significantly increased by application of fertilizer. The effects of fertilizer application on the grain yield of YN15 were sensitive than that of JM20. The significant difference occurred in grain yield between no-fertilizer treatment and fertilizer treatments, but only a little difference was found among the different fertilizer treatments in YN15. No significant difference was detected among all the treatments except the treatment of application of 187.5kg/hm2 chemical nitrogen fertilizer. As compared with the application of other fertilizer treatment,the chemical nitrogen fertilizer resulted in the more increase of grain yield. The results above indicated that the increase of grain yield was mainly due to the increase of spike per hm2. 2. The effect of different treatment on wheat qualityThe content of wheat grain protein was improved markedly by the application of fertilizer, but there was no significant difference among fertilizer treatment. Compared with the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer had higher protein content and the content of protein components. The content of GMP in wheat kernel of YN15 increased more obviously with the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, compared with the mixed fertilizer, but little difference was detected between them in JM20.Application of fertilizer increased the content of amylopectin and amylose, which improved the starch content. Organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer had higher amylopectin/amylose ratio than the chemical nitrogen fertilizer treatments.The kernel test weight dropped with increasing of nitrogenous fertilizer amount. For JM20, only little difference was found among different treatments except the treatment of applied with 1500kg/hm2 organic manure and 82.5kg/hm2 N that test weigh was much low. For YN15, the application of fertilizer increased grain test weight except organic manure treatment. Compared with the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer increased grain test weight. The test weight of YN15 was higher than that of JM20.Flour wet gluten content changed very little with the application of fertilizer. The wet gluten content of YN15 was 34.01-36.16%, while that of JM20 was between 29.95-31.40%. The two cultivars of YN15 and JM20 had different effects on gluten index about the application of fertilizer. The gluen index in JM20 was quite stable, about 96-98. Gluten index of YN15 changed between 79-90, Applications of fertilizer increased gluten index significantly. Comparison to the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer improved gluten index obviously. The gluten index of JM20 was higher than that of YN15.Under the fertility soil conditions, the sedimentation value of flour changed very little among different treatments. Organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer had the tendency to increase the sedimentation value of flour relatived with only chemical nitrogen fertilizer. With the increase of fertilizer nitrogen, the sedimentation value of flour decreased slowly. For JM20, the sedimentation value of flour changed between 44.67-45.70ml. As YN15, that changed between 47.20-51.40ml. 3. The effect of different treatment on soil nutrient and soil Urease activityTotal nitrogen content in the soil profile of 0-20cm declined before wheat jointing, and at...
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