| The experiments were carried out with yangmai 158 on the experiment farm and steel shed of Anhui Agricultural University for two years from 2001 to 2004. The pot experiment was originally designed with four different water application treatments. The CK(check) treatment was 75~80% of maximum field capacity. The light water stress treatment (T1) was 65~70% of maximum field capacity. The medium water stress treatment (T2) was 55~60% of maximum field capacity. The heavy water stress treatment (T3) was 45~50% of maximum field capacity. Crop growth and development, physiology and ecology, production and Quality of winter wheat under different water stress treatments were researched and analyzed by means of Agricultural meteorology, Crop culture, Plant physiology and ecology, Agricultural statistics, Applied mathematics and so on. The results showed that:1. The production of winter wheat was reduced under different water stress and different growth stages. Effect of different water stress and different growth stages on production was different, especially at the later growth stages (after jointing to booting stage), effect on production was significant. At jointing to booting stage, reduction rate was 41.2% in T3 treatment, 31.0% in T2 treatment, 22.4% in T2 treatment. 2. Different water stress treatment made growth process later than CK treatment before tillering stage. From jointing stage, different water stress treatment made growth process shorter than CK treatment. With the water stress become more serious, the effects on growth stage and the growth process was more significantly. Compared to the CK, the light water stress, medium water stress and heavy water stress of the whole growth stages shorten 3 days, 4 days and 6 days, and the growth stage improved 1.3 days, 2.2 days and 3.5 days.3. Effect on green leave area was very heavy under water stress and with the degree of water stress intensifying, various growth stages presented obvious regularity: Green leaf area decrement obvious increased, green leaf number also along with it reduction. With the growth process moving forward, green leaf area decrement had the increasing tendency. The preliminary growth stages of water stress to the green leaf area influence were smaller than the later growth stages.4. With the water stress degree intensifying, the influence on the aerial parts fresh weight increased. The varying degree water stress all caused plant height and spike long to reduce. At the same stage, In the identical period of duration, T1 plant height and spike long is bigger than T2, T2 is bigger than T3.5. With the water stress degree intensifying, the influence on the root dry weight, secondary radical root and R/S improved. The influence of water stress was different at different growth stages. The influence on root dry weight before the flowering stage was smaller than later flowering stage. The amount of secondary roots was heavily affected at jointing to booting stage and flowering stage and the sensitive stage to R/S was jointing to booting stage.6. Under water stress condition, the dynamic variety of several physical index were studied. It showed that: With intensity of water stress, photosynthetic rate of flag leaves dropping extent extended. At the beginning of flowering stage, the transpiration rate value of flag leaves was the least. After that, it improved gradually. 21 days later, the transpiration rate value of flag leaves was the largest. With the development of stages, it declined. With intensity of water stress, the content of soluble sugar, Pro and MDA improved. Under water stress condition, SOD and POD activity enhanced before flowering stage. The peak value of SOD activity was found at the flowering stage. Then it started to decrease. At the filling stage and mature stage, it declined sharply. With intensity of water stress and development of growth stages, the dropping extent of POD activity increased.7. The influence of light water stress on material transformation and yield formation was not significant, while heavy... |
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