Studies On Biological Characteristics Of Ustilago Esculenta

Zizania latifolia Turcz, which originates from China and Southeast Asia, belongs to perennial aquatic vegetables and reproduces asexually. Under the feasible condition some segments of stems swell quickly after accreting with Ustilago usculenta and become swollen gall that is a kind of healthy and nutritious vegetable.With the five main breeds of Zizania latifolia Turcz in Jiangsu province as the experimental materials and the culture of chlamydospore, the present paper probed into the biological characteristics of Ustilago usculenta and generated the results as follows.The most feasible temperature for the multiplication of Ustilago usculenta and the swell of the stems was almost the same; under the condition of pH5.0 to pH6.0, the difference among the growth rates of Ustilago usculenta of the different colonies was not significant; the insignificant difference between the growth rates of Ustilago usculenta under the condition of PSA medium and Zcapek medium indicated that the Ustilago usculenta could be cultured by PSA medium or Zcapek medium; the atom% of Ustilago usculenta cultured under different conditions was apparently significant and the quantity of each element decreased with the increase of the culture period.Ustilago esculenta in Zizania latifolia were collected from different places with different selection techniques. Their growth rate was measured respectively under different temperature, pH and culture mediums. Also the X-EDS analysis by SEM was dealt. The results showed that there were differences in the growth rate and the atom % among experimental materials. The differences between different selection methods were more obvious than one selection method. Therefore, it was essential that we should emphasize the selection techniques in cultivation.Under the condition of continuous culture, the increasing growth rate with temperature of 24 centigrade was faster than the one with 28 centigrade. This showed that 24 centigrade was better for the growth of stilago esculenta, and that Zizania latifolia Turcz that grew with high temperature resulted from selection.Ustilago esculenta could produce hormone cultured by PSA medium. The quantity of IAA and Z+ZR were almost the same; compared with the intergrowth, the quantity of IAA was more than the one of Z+ZR, and Ustilago esculenta could not produce GA4. This result showed that Z+ZR largely depended on the symbiosis of plant and Ustilago esculenta, while GA4 was only from plants.