The Study On The Effect Of Organic Matter And Microorganisms On The Formation Of Soil Humus

This article discussed the effect of different mode to earth the organic fertilizer up to improve the soil character, through different C/N soil cultivation and microbe cultivation. It also primary studied the effect of a few kinds of fungus to the formation of soil humus matter. It mainly researched these contents: 1) cultivate at different C/N, this experiment using glucose, stalk and turf mixed with soil, controlling its C/N at 25/1 and 25/4, then researched the effect of different organic matter decayed to soil humus substance's character and content and the effect of different C/N to the formation of humus substance; 2) maize stalk cultivation and mix-cultivated with parent material at the same proportion, then researched the retention ability of soil humus substance and the character of the humus substance formed from the stalk decayed; 3) cultivate the parent material inoculated fungus(and their mixture), discussed the function of the microbe to the formation and character of soil humus substance. 1 .The result of cultivated at different C/N indicated: the disposal of adding stalk and turf, in the two kinds of soil , the relative content of HE is high when its C/N is high. In the experiment of parent material cultivation, the relative content of HE deal with glucose is higher than deal with stalk and turf, it indicate the organic-matter of low molecular weight is in favor of the propagate of the microbe and the formation of the part that can be distilled. The other two disposals and the plough layer disposal have not obviously change. In the kind of soil medium, the relative content of parent material' HE is high (27.36%), disposal of plough layer is low (15.6%) .It indicate that during the decomposed process of organic-matter, the HE's accumulate function of material is stronger than plough layer soil. So, when adding organic-matter to barren soil, the fertility of soil will enhance obviously. The HA's relative content of high C/N is higher than low C/N at 50% percent. It indicate that when the nitrogen is enough, the mineralization of microbe is greater than the degree of humification, the humus substances formed lately are decomposed by the microbe. Compared with different soil, the HA's relative content of plough layer soil is higher than parent material at one times.The effect of FA's relative content at different C/N is not obviously. But the effect ofdifferent soil to FA's relative content is obviously. The average value of FA's relative content cultivated by parent material is 28.06%, the average value of FA's relative content cultivated by plough layer soil is 16.71%.High C/N is in favor of HA's structure being complication, in favor of the accumulation of organic-matter. Then low C/N is in favor of the transform from FA to HA, promoting the decomposition of organic-matter by the microbe.2. It indicated from researching the effect of soil to the organic matter transformation: during the whole cultivation-time, the order of the HE and HA's relative content from high to low is: PS33 > PS50 > PS90 > PS95 > PS 100 (P: parent material, S: stalk, the figure represent the percent content of stalk). Because of the organic-matter decomposed by the pure stalk have not any soil to keep up, the relative content of organic-matter that can be distilled is the lowest(PS100) .3.It indicated from researching the effect of the fungus to soil humus matter: during the whole cultivation time, the fungus used to the experiment cannot increase the content of soil humus substance, but it can increase the content of FA. The effect ofIt indicated from the research of the humus-like substance formed from fungus: thalli of Penicillium , Aspergillus can distill out the humus-like substance, the humus-like substance distill from Penicillium is higher than Aspergillus on structure, molecular weight and the degree of humification.