The Study On The Influence Of The Cultivated Ecological Factors On Rice Yield And Rice Quality

The rice is a chief traditional agriculture product of our province. From the point of ecological economy, it also is the advantageous project of modern agricultural production of our province too. However, along with the development of social economy and improvement of the people's living standard, the traditional production of rice is facing the great strategic challenge. It can only be guaranteed a high-efficient, sustained development of rice production from pursuing the single goal of high yield to pursuing multiple goals of high yield, high quality, high-efficiency. For this reason, we have studied the influence of different culture ecological factors upon the rice yield and rice quality of the edible rice under the culture ecological condition of paddy field in the main rice producing regions of our province. The main results are as follows:1. At early seasons, it has no obvious influence on the form of the yield of edible rice while ahead of time in comparison with the normally traditional seed sowing time. But it is favorable to the improvement of the quality of rice obviously, and postpone seeding reduce the output of rice obviously. The influence on the output of differently sowing time in late season likes a parabola type. Namely there exists one best sowing time. But there also have a trend of excellent qualitative change of rice if the sowing time is advanced properly.2. In the climatic condition of high temperature and dry in early season, the impact of "low humidity" on the output and quality of the early rice is more serious than "high temperature". That is to say, the yield and quality of the early edible rice can be improved to a great extend through the artificial irrigation or the sprinkling irrigation.3. In different paddy field soil type, in the different topsoil thickness of same kind of paddy field soil, in the different water and soil temperature conditions of the same topsoil thickness in same kind of paddy field, the rice yield and rice quality of edible rice are different. c omparatively speaking, the purple tide mud of the thick topsoil is favorable to the improvement of the rice yield of the early edible rice and the late edible rice, and the quality of the early edible rice .The red yellow mud of the thick topsoil is favorable to the improvement of the quality of the late edible rice. To drop the temperature of the muddy water on later stage of early season andkeep the high temperature on later stage of late season can help adjust and protect excellently rice quality of edible rice.4. While applying fertilizer to the edible rice, the nutritional level, the kind of nutrient element supplied, the ratio among various kinds of nutrition elements can have effect on the form of rice yield and rice quality of the early and late edible rice to different extent. Among them, that the "secondary-high" nutritional level in early season and the secondary-low nutritional level in late season are beneficial to the improvement of rice yield and rice quality. Whether in early season or in late season, the comprehensive influence to the rice output and rice quality of the edible rice are as following: the major elements are successively N > K> P, the medium element are successively S > Ca> Mg.5. With the improvement of the transplanting density, the rice yield of edible rice increased obviously. But the influence of the transplanting density to the rice quality is more complicated. That is to say, under the condition of this experiments, the trend the willed rice rate and the head rice rate of edible rice dropped, but the chalkiness increased. There is no obvious regularity between the transplanting density with the content of the amylase or the gel consistency.