Genetic Research On Skin Color Of Black-bone Chicken

Melanin trait is not the important feature of some breed, but is related with economic purpose. A three-generation chicken population was constructed for mapping gene controlling the genetics of skin color. The Dongxiang blue egg shell chicken with black skin and Shouguang chicken with white skin were employed for reciprocal cross. Test traits included skin color, leg color, feet color and pigments in parts of slaughter trait. The analysis based statistics of phenotye showed the recessive sex- linked gene id , which affects the skin color, is in pure. While another autosomal gene P, which is a major gene controlling skin melanin, are showed segregate. Furthermore, we delineate the genetic pattern of P gene in our population. This will be propitious to map P gene. At the same time, our research exhibited the genotype in Shouguang chicken is PP, when in Dongxiang chicken the gene is heterozygous, which will establish the foundation for the further breeding in Dongxiang chicken.ID (Dermal melanin inhibitor) is considered a key gene attached to the regulation of melanin synthesize, and was mapped to the bottom on Z chromosome. One important reason why the advance of mapping of ID gene is slow is the density of maker on the region is too low. In the research, three genes, ACO1, GGTB2, XPA, are employed to design primers. With these primers we isolated 46 BAC clones near ID gene from the chicken BAC library by chromosome walking. Based these BAC clones we constructed enriched and no-enriched satellite library. By sequencing of enrich satellite library we got one fragment of 197 bp containing (AC))0 .Via hybridation we found no satellite.Our research indicates that the two methods, enrich and no-enrich, are not the best to research the makers located the bottom of Z chromosome. Markers in this region are rarely on theory. Integated our rearch, the author give some advice on mapping ID. We should sequence the whole bottom of Z chromosome to find large of SNP, from which we can get the SNP linked closely to ID by linkage anylasis. Then ID gene can be sequenced by map-based clone.