A Study On The Effect Of The Long-term Applying Biological-Organic Fertilizer On The Soil Physical-chemical Properties

On the basis of the former researchers,the soil physical-chemical properties and the change of the soil nutrients during the growth periods of the winter wheat and the summer maize were studied. To show the mechanisms of raising crop yield after the EM organic compost was applied in soil. The results are as follows: EM organic compost can increase crop yield. Ten years experiment showed that average yield of 15t/hm2 EM compost was higher than that of the same amount traditional compost, 7.5/hm2 EM compost and mineral fertilizer by 9.2%,15.5%s 34.8%. It can decrease the high pH of the wet-brown solted soil to the middle level. Compare with the treatment of the traditional organic compost and the treatment of no fertilizer, the salinity capacity of the EM compost treatment was low. The salinity capacity of the applying the EM organic composts treatment was lower than the others. And the bulk density of the soil was decreased compare with the other treatments and the general porosity higher than the other treatments. During the growth periods of the winter wheat and the summer maize, the average water content of the applying EM organic compost treatment is higher than the other treatments. Soil temperature is higher than that of the others in seeding stage, lower after that. It can improve the amount of cation exchange. And the organic content of the applying EM organic compost treatment was improved obviously . This is similar with that of 1999 and 2000. As to the full P and full N, the treatment 1 is better than that of the others. And the more the amount of the organic matter was applied into soil, the more full N content of the soil had. And it is the same with 1999 and 2000. The soil available nutrients are higher than that of the others 1. Furthermore, it can supply with enough available nutrients during the important growth stages of the winter wheat and the summer maize. But the research from the general aspect has showed that the available P content in soil is in the low level and the available nutrients content in the lower depth of the soil is lack. So it is suggested that the EM organic compost was applied with the inorganic fertilizer such as the fertilizer of the N, P, K to improve the content of the available nutrients in soil.