Genetic Diversity Of Zoysia Japonica

Zoysia japonica is a perennial, short bunch grass,which has widely adaptability and strong resistance.It distributes in 11 provinces in China.Based on the morphological and genetic characteristics, genetic diversities of the wild zoysia japonica germ plasm and one imported variety were studied.The results were as follows:Zoysia japonica investigated grows at the altitude of 5m to 399m.The pH of soil is from 6.5 to 8.3.The contents of total nitrogen and quick effective phosphorus in soil are low.The ecological environment types of zoysia japonica can be classified into four types: hill grassland type, plain grassland type,flood bed grassland type and farm grassland type.There is obvious variation existed in 12 external morphological quantity traits of zoysia japonica,including reproductive tiller length, leaf ligule length,leaf width and so on. The characteristics show different varying range. The variation extent of leaf ligule length is the Maximum among different populations,while that of leaf width is the minimum. The variation extent of internode length is the Maximum in population,while that of spikelet number is the minimum.There is some variation of quality characteristics in zoysia japonica,such as leaf colour and leaf hair.Leaves of zoysia japonica have no obvious difference in their anatomical structure but significant variation in sizes of anatomical traits.Leave thickness is the most steady characteristic among populations and in population,while lower epidermis thickness is the most unstable characteristic.The analysis of AFLP markers demonstrated that 10 primer combinations generated 524 fragments,obtaining 385 polymorphic fragments.The total percentage of polymorphism was 73.5%,which indicated zoysia japonica has abundantgenetic diversity. 65.34% of genetic variation came from inter-population,while the other(34.66%) was within population.Based on genetic distance ranged from 0.0369 to 0.4036,the cluster analysis was made.The results showed populations living in similar ecological conditions and with close geographical distance clusterd first.