| The experiment was studied during 1997-2000 in Yangzhou Jiangsu( N 32251, E 119241). Seven types varieties of rice were taken as material, which were applied representatively in Jiangsu, and choose to sow on every 10 days from 30 April to 9 June. With the weather data of temperature and light, making the research on growth stage, yield formation and grain quality of different varieties. Primarily experiment result as follows:l.By the sequence of accumulation of the temperature from May to October, warm, normal, cool type of three different weather years were demarcated. 80 age is up to now, and the warm and normal year type occupy more, the cool year type is little. During the period of the experiment, 1997, 1998, 2000 belong to the warm year type, but in 1999 the resources of temperature and light is opposite and little, the rainfall have great capacity, it belong to the cool year type.2.To complete the growth stage .various varieties need the resources of temperature and light: The early-ripen and mid-ripen of mid-season japonica need accumulation of the temperature of 3300~3900℃, sunshine hour number 700~1000h;The late-ripen of mid-season japonica and mid-season indica need accumulation of the temperature of 3500~4200℃ sunshine hour number 800~1100h;The late- season japonica need 3900~-4300℃, sunshine hour number 1000~ 1200h.3.Under the normal sowing date, the growth stage of all varieties can be mature safely, but the late- season japonica can be mature at the end of the October, if sown too later, it can't be mature safely; the early-ripen and mid-ripen of mid-season japonica can be mature at the beginning of the October.4.Between the whole growth stage of the different varieties, the change is 130-180 days, difference of stage length is mainly in the sowing- date ~ heading stage, the stage length of the same treatment of different years is stable( the CV is small), but under the different sowing date it is big( The CV is big). Postpone the sowing- date, the stage is showed to be shortened because of high temperature, and the period of fructifying have slight extension because air temperature descent.5.Adopt "rice clock" model to establish the temperature-light model, not only intend to match effective, but also the living creature meaning is clear and definite. The model parameters,K (namely basic growth period) reflects late-season japonica>mid-season japonica; P Q G| reflect that japonica is respectively 188.2%-312.1 %, 83.9%-92.4%, 255.6%-296.2% higher than indica. And establish the heading-maturing stage's liner model because the days of the stage are primarily decided by average temperature.6.Make use of the Yangzhou climatic data of 1954-2000, choose the "average ANOVA method" to calculate guarantee rate of the safe heading-date to. The average air temperature of day continues three day larger than 20, 22of all day to long for 9/20 (80%), 9/15 (90%) and 9/19 (80%), 9/14 (90%)( month/ day). Put the often year climatic data into the model to calculate the days of growth stage, and decide the sowing-date by comparison.7.The yield analysis of variance indicate: main effect ( age, varieties, sowing-date) and interaction( year X varieties, year X sowing-date, varieties X sowing-date, year X varieties X sowing-date) both attain to significant level. The climatic condition of 1997, 1998, 2000 is to tally better than that of 1999, the yield advantage of the warm type year is obvious. The variance among the different sowing-date, varieties shows significant difference.8.The temperature and light before heading have obvious influence to the number of spikelets, have the trend of increasing. Postpone the sowing-date, the "sink" decreases. The weather condition during heading have important influence towards the percentage of filled-grain, the percentage of II (5/10), III (5/20), IV (5/30) of the mid-ripen varieties shows higher, to the late-ripen varieties, I (4/30) or n (5/10) is higher. The grain weight is relatively stable.9.To confine the relationship between th...
|
PDF Full Text Request