Study On Management Models Of Small Watershed In Mountain Region And The Establishment Of The Decision Support System

Small watershed in mountain region is an entity of materials and energy, which involves nature, human culture and society. The management of mountain small watershed is a huge system project, including materials collection, regional systematic diagnosis, programming decision, protection system and engineering designation, inspection assessment and regulation, etc. Because a great deal of data should be analyzed in every links among the work, if conventional measures are used, problem will be obvious, such as lag, low precision, repeated work, and poor effect of map making, furthermore, a lot of manpower, treasures, time, and data will be wasted. The rapid development and popularization of the techniques of software and hardware of computer science, the progress of theory and techniques of small watershed management in mountain region, and the cry for regional systematical management under the background of the global depravation, all of these hasten the combination of computer technique and the small watershed management, at the same time, pave the way to establish the decision support system of small watershed management in mountain region. In this paper, based on the investigation of the typical small watershed in mountain region, with a case study Shiwan brook at Kai County in Chongqing, the train of thoughts to establish the system and plan to realize it was searched, furthermore, the decision support system of small watershed management in mountain region based on GIS was established, and the vertical diversity of natural resources and regional management model in mountain region were discussed .All of these results will provide support for the decision of small watershed management in mountain region.1 The design scheme of the small watershed management decision support system in mountain regionThe core part of small watershed management decision support system in mountainregion is made up of the database of locality factors, repository and knowledge warehouse. The child system of GIS can provide spatial data with high quality, and at the same time it is the main interface of data update. The function module is based on the database of localityfactors, repository and knowledge warehouse, which realizes the function of query, display and some analysis through the interface between human and machine.The database of locality factors was established and the following conclusions were drawn: First, small watershed in mountain region has the entity character of continuity, dynamic and hierarchy; the data of small watershed in mountain region has the characteristic of timeliness, extensity and attribution value; to make decision in the management of small watershed in mountain region, the data about environment, natural resources and social economy are needed; these data can be obtained in many ways, such as field measure, observation on the spot, experiment, trial, remote sense data, map in existence, location information gotten through GPS, arid the electronic data certificated by the national government, etc; figures data of small watershed in mountain can be processed by overlap of different layers and union of contiguous plots; the database of locality factors can be established in three different scale, watershed, region made out by the vertical diversity, and plot.Knowledge warehouse is the most important part of the decision support system of the small watershed in mountain region. In this paper, with a case study of Shiwan brook at Kai County in Chongqing, the knowledge warehouse of small watershed management in mountain region was designed from aspects of knowledge codification, knowledge expression, knowledge formalization and knowledge warehouse establishment.Furthermore, the repository of small watershed management in mountain region was established and the results were drawn as follows: DTM is the most important model used in the small watershed management in mountain region, moreover, the general decision support models and other implication models were included in the repos...