The Relationship Between Characteristics Of Smooth Skinned Peach Carbohydrate Metabolism, Pollen Development, Fruit Quality And Ecological Factors In Sheds

This paper took 3-year smooth skinned peach insheds as experimental raatrial. The relationship carbohydrate metabolism in 1-year branches, pollen development, fruit quality and ecological factors in the sheds was studied .The important results were as follows:Ecological factors and the changing tendency of carbohydrate in 1-year branches were measured and indicated: The average temperature and average relative humility was respectively 8.8℃ and 62% during germinating period,11.4℃ and 68% during flowering period,15.2℃ and 82% during fruit developing period. Compared with open condict ions, the light intensity is lower, the difference of day temperature and night temperature obvious,humility higher in sheds. Both starch and soluble sugar in 1-year branches had one peak before flower and rapid growth of new branches from shed-covering to harvest. There was no significant difference among different strains.67The effect of temperature in shed on 3-year smooth skinned peach was studied systematically in this part. The results obtained from this experiment were as follows: The higher the temperature was, the faster the flower buds developed, and the earlier they flowered. But, high temperature would inhibit the development of flower buds, and caused high temperature injury to them when the temperayure went beyond an appropriate range. The full bloom periods of 25℃ and 30℃ treatments were 4 and 6 days earlier respectively than that of 16-20癈 treatments.Most of the flower buds of 35℃ treatment stopped development soon after appearing calyx, could not flower normally and shed. The flower organs of 16-25癈 treatment developed normlly,and the size of flower and flower anther, the length of filament and pistil, the diameter of ovary were almost the same. The treatment of 30℃ significantly inhibited the size of flower , stamen and ovary. Flower anthers could not dehisce. The flower organ of 35℃ treatment developed abnormally. With the rise of temperature , the development of pollen speeded up,the abortive trend of stamen increased. Compared with 20℃ Treatment , the amount of pollen of 25℃ and 30℃ treatments decreased 54% and % respectively, the germination percentage of68pollen decreased 29% and 78% respectively, the percentage of blighted pollen increased respectively 2 and 5.8 times. 35癈 treatment affected the normal meiosis development of pollen and caused all stamen abortion.The relationship between the volume of fruit of smooth skinned peach, color, the content of sugar , acid, Vc and the temperature, light and relative humility was measured and analysised. The results were as follows: The regressional relationship between fruit developing tendency in sheds and 5癈 effective temperature accumulation. Light intensity is the main factor to the quality of fruits of smooth skinned peach in sheds. Light intensity and the change of light quality can adjust and control every indexes of fruit quality to a certain extent. Might temperature can enchance the content of sugar and reduce the content of acid. Relative humility affected insignificantly the quality of fruits.