Morphological And Cytological Studies And Chromosomal Locations Of Genes For The Dwarfing And Long Glume Characters Of Dwarfing Polish Wheat In Xinjing, China

Dwarfing Polish Wheat (Triticum. turgidum concv. polonicwri) was found in Tulufan, Xinjiang, China by Prof. Yen Chi and Yang Jun-liang. It is the only one T. polonicum wheat with dwarfing character in China. In order to reveal clearly the genetic character of the dwarfing polish wheat, artificial crossing, cytological and morphological studies were carried out in present study. In addition, the chromosomal location of dwarfing and long glume character of dwarfing polish wheat was studied by means of Langdon monosomic analysis. The results suggested that:1. Dwarfing polish wheat had the basic genome of AB, but has some rearrangement in its chromosome structure.2. The comparison of seedling morphology and length of coleoptile and the first leaf after GA3-treatment indicated that dwarfing trait of the dwarfing polish wheat was GA3-recessive.3. The dwarfing character of dwarfing polish wheat was controlled by a recessive gene and was located on chromosome 2B. It is the only dwarfing gene located on 2B, and given the name Rht-B2. It had almost no effect on plant height in heterozygous and hemizygous states.4. The long glume character of the dwarfing polish wheat was controlled by one incompletely dominant gene which was located on 7A.The study also shown that gene(s ) on D genome chromosome of hexaploid wheat suppress the expression of the long glume gene in dwarfing polish wheat.