| Genecology, closely linked with production and practice, is the basis and significant part of insect ecology, which made much contribution to many aspects, such as prediction, management, and control of injurious insects, utilization of beneficial insects, production or management of agriculture and forestry, information and data collection of pests. The research about insect genecology laid particular emphasis on pests of agriculture, forest and pasture, such as pests of rice, wheat, cotton, orange, and vegetable in greenhouse. Similarly, the studies on synecology are also have profound rhetorical significance and practical value. While studies concerned on genecology of mulberry pests are only a few, studies on synecology of mulberry pest are few as well. For this reason, we did extensive research on biological characters, genecology and synecology of mulberry pests. The findings and results are summed up as following:(1) Studies on biological speciality of main pests in mulberry fieldsCryphalus exignus Blandford, Tetranychus Cinabarinus Boisduval, Pseudodendrothrips mori Niwa, Diaphania pyloalis walker, and Bemisia myricae kuwana were observed and studied explicitly on morphlogical characters, life habits, distribution feature, and law of generation. Many biological characters that didn't observed formerly were found. Annual life cycle of P. mori was studied full and clear. The generatio of B. myricae was studied also. The interrelation of predation between T. cinabarinus and its natural enemy was observed.(2)Studies on spatial distribution pattern and sampling method of main pests in mulberry fields.Using cluster-intensity index method, Iwao's regression analysis and Taylor's power law, we studied comprehensively on spatial distribution of some main pests of mulberry, which including hibernating imbecility of P. mori in mulberry field, P. mori during hymphal and imago stage in mulberry tree. T. cinnabarinus in mulberry and on vertical distribution, larvae of D. phloalis in mulberry tree. C. exignus in mulberry tree and on vertical distribution, imbecility of B. myricae in mulberry field. The spatial distribution of these pests above was aggregate in most of the case and contagious or random as in low density. And the theoretical sampling quantity was calculated with Iwao's method and Taylor's power law. Sequential sampling analysis was also studied with Iwao's method.(3)Studies on vertical distribution and ecological niche of main mulberry pests.Vertical distribution characteristic of density and quantity of pests, including T. cinabarinus, P.mori during nymph and imago stage, female and male P. mori during imago stage, and imbecility of B. myricae, were studied detailed. The results revealed that some pests, female imbecility or nymph of P. mori, B.myricae and T. cinabarinus, have a preference for perching in the upper part of branch. On the contrary, male imbecility of P. mori prefer to perching in the below part of branch. Meanwhile, the mono-dimension niche breadth on vertical distribution of P.mori (imbecility, nymph ,male imbecility, and female imbecility), T. cinabarinus, imbecility of B. myricae were calculated. The results indicated that, on the niche width of P. mori, imbecility> male> female. And the niche width of B.myricae at dawn is wider than that at dusk. The niche overlap and proportional similarity between imbecility, male and female of P.mori were studied as well, which indicated the niche overlap and proportional similarity of P.mori between female imbecility and imbecility or between male imbecility and imbecility were high. While those between female and male imbecility were awfully low. On field distribution, the niche overlap and proportional similarity between P.mori and T. cinabarinus were low, which showed negative inter-specific correlation and association, according to the results.(4)The population fluctuation of P. mori on branch in the two month from July through SeptemberDuring July to September, the population fluctuation of P. mori, including density,... |
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