Studies On Biological Characteristics And Manual Cultivation Technology Of Shiraia Bambusicola

Shiraia bambusicola P. Henn. is a medicinal fungi, its stroma is recorded as a famous Chinese traditional medicine under the name of "Zhuhuang" in China. But at present, Zhuhuang grows wild. Its important medical worth is more and more evident along with the gradual deep study on its medical function, so the foreground of exploiture on Zhuhuang is inducing.In order to make a good foundation for the exploiture, the resource situation, biological characteristics and manual cultivation technology of Zhuhuang in Zhejiang province were studied. The results were reported as follows:5. bambusicola grew in most area of Zhejiang province. It was able to parasitize at B. densiflorum of Brachystachyum, P. amarus of Pleioblastus, P. praecox and P. nidnlaria of Phyllostachys, among which Pleioblastus is a new report. Average parasitical rate on B. densiflorum , P.amarus, P. praecox and P. nidnlaria are respectively 17. 58% , 11.26%, 10.83% and 3. 33% . 126 strains of S. bambusicola were obtained through separation and purification and 19 of them were chosen for test.Studied on biological characteristics of wild S. bambusicola showed: At the wet, shade and cool pure B. densifloruavoods near brook where altitude below 100 m, average air temperature , air relative humidity, illumination intensity of April and May were respectively 22-26 C, 85-90%, 25000-40000 Ix , the parasitical rate of S. bambusicola was the highest. Each year, at the last ten-day of March, bamboo twigs parasitized by S. bambusicola began to expand. Stroma appeared at the beginning of April. At first, it was white and slightness, then gradually turned to red and looked like a hump. It grew to the largest at the middle ten-day of May. At the beginning of June, the surface of stroma chapped, then began to shrink. Conidiophore and ascospore came intobeing respectively along with the change of exterior shape. Both ascospore and conidiophore were spindle shape, the latter was a little wider, and they could also burgeon to hypha. Content of Hypocrellin A in unit quality stroma and single stroma reached tip top orderly at last ten-day of April and middle ten-day of May. At the different parasitic owners, if the S. bambusicola parasited on the S. densiflora, content of Hypocrellin A in single stroma was the largest. The gap of Hypocrellin A ' s content in single stroma from different areas is distinct.Tissue isolation and purification of 5. bambusicola on the bamboo extract culture medium was the best way. The 5. bambusicola parasitizing on B. densiflorum was the fittest one for manual cultivation. The results of manual solid cultivation indicated that the best culture medium was (B), whose prescription was bamboo shoot 50%, shell of cottonseed 25% , rice bran 20% , cornmeal 1% , cane sugar 1% , CaCOs 2% , MgSO? THzO 0. 5% and KH2PO4 0.5% . On (B) the growing rate of hypha was 0. 2 cm ?d"1. And manual stroma was acquired for the first time. On the B. densiflorum woods which had parasitized by 5. bambusicola the last year, field inoculation showed parasitical rate increased from 17.28% to 50. 67% , and the content of Hypocrellin A held. The best condition of the hypha in liquid cultivation was: bamboo extract 20% , rice flour 5% , rice bran 4% , VBi 0. 05% , (HfcPO^MgSO^ 7H20) 0.2% +0.1% used as culture medium, initial pH 5.0, 80 mL culture medium filled in shaking bottle of 300 mL, inoculating quantity 10% , shaking cultivation for 7 d at 26"C and 120 rpm. Hypha dry weight was 6 g (lOOmL) -1.