Study On The Production Technology Of Small Potted Potato In Potato Field

Potato as fourth major crops, planted all over the world, not only nutritious, but also a wide range of uses. This has many disadvantages of traditional diced seeded. The purpose of this study was to investigate several production technology of small potato seed used to the whole potato planting, aiming to provide theory basis and technical reference on the mini-tuber of potato production. The research was conducted in test base of Heilongjiang Province Jiu-san plant protection station during the three years of 2014-2015, using two medium strains Da-xiyang(D) and Kexin-1 for the trial. In 2014: soaking seeds in GA3 with four thickness for 50 mg·L-1(G1), 100 mg·L-1(G2), 200 mg·L-1(G3) and 0 mg·L-1(G0) as CK to treatment during 24 hours. There were two densities including conventional density(C) and conventional density plus 50%(M), with conventional sowing time and two sowing dates being postponed to selection trial.In 2015: The first, dressing seeds in GA3 with four thickness for 200 mg·L-1(G1), 400 mg·L-1(G2), 800 mg·L-1(G3)and 0 mg·L-1(G0) as CK mix with talcum powder to potatoes. The second, four densities including conventional density(M0)、conventional density plus 20%(M1)、conventional density plus 40%(M2) and conventional density plus 60%(M3). The third, designing with conventional sowing time and three sowing dates. Studying on potatoes morphology characteristics, physiology activities, yield and commodity characters of tubers by dressing seeds in GA3 with four thickness, sowing with different densities and sowing with different dates. The main findings are as follows:1. With dressing seed thickness increasing, the proportion of big potato and middle potato decreased and the proportion of small potato increased on two medium strains. Among them, proportion of big potato and middle potato with G3-K-C and G3-K-M decreased to the lowest at the first sowing date, proportion of small potato increased to the most being 89.67% and 89.29%. While GA3 seed increased proportion of small potatoes, reduce production, but for the final economic efficiency has increased, the highest income up to 850.25 yuan·hm-2. It illustrated that treatments of GA3, density and sowing date cound increase the proportion of small potato seed.2. Dressing seeds with GA3 decreased potato yield of Da-xiyang. G1 treatment decreased rate of yield reduction with 23.79% and increased rate of deformed individuals, but economic benefits increased 321.74yuan·hm-2. All treatments increased proportion of small potato, whichin G3 treatment reached 44.63%. For Kexing-1, G1 and G2 treatments increased potato yield And economic benefits increased respectively 778.21 and 823.94 yuan·hm-2. The results showed that dressing seeds with GA3 cound improve the proportion of small potato.3. Increasing density could effectively increased the proportion of small potato, and reduce rate of deformity of potato tuber.This has different effects on the yeild of two varieties, encryption treatment reduced yeild of Da-xiyang, and increased yeild of Kexin-1, among the treatment of M2-D reduced as high as 14.16%, however, earnings increased 118.22 yuan·hm-2, the yield of treatment of M3-K was the highest, increased 34.05%, and economic effectiveness was as high as 1486.55 yuan·hm-2. It illustrated that treatment of increasing density cound increase the proportion of small potato, and increase economic benefits.4. The rate of small potato reduced along with delaying sowing stage, only the treatment of BQ3-D and BQ4-K increased the rate of small potato. The rate of yield reduction of treatment of BQ4-D is highest, reduced 29.10%, and economic effectiveness reduced 228.48 yuan·hm-2. At the same time the deformity rate had a tendency to decline delaying sowing date. It illustrated that it conducived to timely planting production of potato seed.