Research On Related Techniques Of Approach To GEO Satellites Based On HEO

With the increase of types of spacecraft, on-orbit service has received increasing attention. The technology of on-orbit service has already become a boom in the domain of astronautics. According to the problem of examining GEO satellites, the paper has given a method of using orbit maneuver vehicle on highly eccentric orbit to photograph the target and studied related technologies. The main contents in this dissertation are summarized as follows.The orbit model of OMV to carry out the duty of photograph is built, and characteristics of the model are analyzed. The strategy of scanning GEO satellites in turn is studied preliminarily. The paper has proposed methods of single-impulse transfer and two-impulse symmetric transfer to change the direction of apsidal line of the orbit of OMV, and carried on comparison between the two methods.By considering the impact of perturbation, orbital characteristics are researched mainly from three aspects including precession of orbital plane, change of orbital inclination and rotation of apogee. The law of influence of the relative position between orbit and Earth, Sun and Moon on the orbital characteristics is studied under perturbation caused by non-spherical gravitation, sun and moon and it is analyzed by simulation.The main constraints of OMV for photographing GEO satellites with close range are studied. The main constraints are made up of illumination, space-time relationship with sun and moon and TT&C. The shelter of spacecraft from earth is researched and simulated in the paper. Interfered of photography caused by sun and moon is analyzed and evadable strategies are also given. The paper introduced our country's commonly used means of TT&C and analyzed coverage belt of satellite. Conditions for observation of space vehicle from ground are analyzed, and the result of observation of OMV by ground TT&C station in our country is gained in simulation. According to the above, a request of arranging the ground station for TT&C of OMV is suggested.The flight process of OMV approaching GEO satellites is researched. The law of angular velocity and angular acceleration of line of sight is analyzed under different closest distances between OMV and target. The relative motion model and the observation equation of the process of approach are built in the foundation of Hill Equation. The method of estimate the state of relative motion between OMV and target by Extended Kalman Filter is introduced, and it is analyzed by simulation.Finally, the paper summarizes the work of research and points out production, and make s expectation for the contents which need to be studied in future.