| Recent years, because of the deterioration of natural environment, living environment caused by the conflict between people and natural, people began to reconsider the relation among people, natural, architecture and city planning and natural environment. as the opinion of sustainable development being raised, architect began to think how to resolve the influence of architecture to environment. the appearance of sustainable architecture is based on such background.the article proceed from present time background and Changsha's situation. it first reviewed the developing process and achievements in the present period of sustainable architecture and then summarized the developing direct and trend of sustainable architecture and city planning.The ventilation in double-skin facades was studied by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) modeling and wind tunnel test. It was shown that the Sub Grid Scale(SGS) model of large eddy simulation correctly predicted wind field in this case. The rate of ventilation for corridor double-skin facade and box facade were compared. Given that ventilating condition is met,box facade is preferable to corridor double-skin facade, in terms of dwelling quality. Multi obliquity and different approaching flows models were utilized to investigate the effects of shutter obliquity on ventilation. Shutters were shown to have an air-oriented effect to certain extend,and the optimal obliquity is near 450 in all different wind directions.The objective of this paper is to analyze the land use/cover change and to examine their effects on ESV in the rapid urbanization area of Changsha city between 1995 and 2005, and do some research on the relationship between ESV and land use structure. The methods are based on ESV computing formula and ESV coefficients. The results showed that: (1) From 1995 to 2005, the area of arable land, garden land, woodland, water area and unused land decreased, while rangeland and construction land increased, arable land decreased most and construction land increased most. The percentage of arable land decreased from 23.485% to 17.982% and the proportion of construction land increased from 34.659% to 44.579%. (2) There is obvious differences of the land use degree in the city, Furong district has the biggest, and Kaifu district has the smallest. (3) The total ESV in study area had decreased from 655.15×106 yuan of year 1995 to 589.26×106 yuan of (RMB)2005, the annual change rate is -1.01%.The reduction of water area and woodland and dramatic increase of construction land is the mainly responsible for the decrease of the ESV. (4) Unit ESV in Changsha city has obvious relation with the area percentage of woodland, water area and constructive land. It can be modeled with multiple linear regression equation. According to the equation, ESV is predicted would decrease to 541.47×106 yuan in 2010.Applying the niche theory to evaluation of urban architecture, this paper proposed the notion of niche suitability of urban architecture. With 15 monomial indexes about the economy, environment and social, which reflect the coupling degree between real niche and optimum niche, selected to constitute the system of evaluating indicators by entropy, the niche fitness model was constructed. Using the entropy method to determine the weights of evaluating indicators, we can evaluate multi-urban architecture. It is expected to make some scientific recommendations for the urban building design.
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