Applications Of Macro & Microscopic Traffic Model Models To Urban Traffic And Analysis Of Empirical Data

China is a populous and developing country. With the rapid growth of the economy and the improvement of living standards in recent years, a number of motor vehicles sharp increase. Urban traffic increased so rapid that a series of negative effects in traffic such as accidents, congestion, environmental pollution have become the focus problem of public concern. Loss of GDP reaches up to 5% -8% annually in China due to traffic jamming.Solving the traffic problem can not only rely on increasing transport facilities blindly, but scientific management and planning all become a top priority task, and these must be built on scientific research on the traffic problem. All of experts and scholars over the world have studied the traffic problems for a long time and have made many important achievements. A huge of economic benefits is produced. China has annually invested heavily to construct transport facilities, and has started to pay more attention to study of traffic flow.The research of traffic flow is an interdisciplinary research concerning with physics, mathematics, computer science, engineering, environmental science and many other science. In this paper, we focus on urban traffic problems and apply cellular automaton model and anisotropic hydrodynamic model to simulate and analyze some characteristics in urban transport.(1) Self-help pedestrian traffic light is different from ordinary traffic light. Compare with vehicular traffic flow, pedestrians travel slowly and have a great compressibility and randomness. The trigger-controlled of traffic light is random so that the vehicular traffic flow will be randomly blocked on the main road. One of works is to simulate and analyze the impact of self-help pedestrian traffic light on the main road of urban traffic. Probability of trigger is an important parameter. Traffic flow on main road is randomly interrupted from free flow, and then will be interrupted periodically as probability of trigger increases.(2) The length of vehicle is one of the factors which play important role in the real traffic. Some scholars have proposed a multi-cell traffic cellular automaton model(MC-TCA model).That is, not a vehicle span a cell, but a vehicle is allowed to span a number of consecutive cells along the direction of movement. Using MC-TCA model is easier to simulate the complicate behaviors of vehicle in the urban traffic. By the numerical simulation and analysis for two-lane traffic using multi-cell traffic cellular automaton model, there exist two effect of length on traffic. Firstly, the role of breaking probability becomes weaker due to the higher speed, which leads to hysteresis. Secondly, due to the weaker effect of accelerating, the role of disturbance becomes more intense when vehicles change lane frequently to lead to the reduction of flow. (3) In this paper, vehicle flow right turn in the crossroad is measured on field. Meanwhile, it is simulated to use the anisotropic hydrodynamic traffic model. Vehicles right turns in two ways: one is an entrance for right turns at downstream of crossroad along the lane and other is that vehicles turn right on crossroad and move along the lane for right turn at one time. Two cases are both in numerical simulation. The results of simulation in agreement with the empirical data.Finally, we give the conclusions of our works and present the prospect of study of traffic flow in the future.