Study On Traditional Architecture In Xiajiang Region

Construction is an important part of human culture. Traditional architecture of a region is inseparated from the prevailing social environment and economics'base.At the same time, the shape of construction is impacted by natural environment ,people's concepts, awareness and the Patriarchal System . In the history , water transport is extremely important and busy for the mountain and marine insurance, forming a relatively developed commercial activities. As the concentrated population of the river towns and rural markets ,it become a commodity distribution center, more developed economic and cultural than the hinterland. It is easy to see the past prosperous scene from the traditional architecture.The traditional buildings of xiajiang is the refraction of colorful history cultural in the Three Gorges and the product of the Millennium historical development, continuity and heritage. Its formation and evolution is impacted by natural geographic, social cultural and regional economy and so on. Due to steep topography, waterways transport turn into main contact way between settlements with outside world. The development of water transport and frequent cross-border transfer lead the development of cross-strait's economic activities, forming many settlements with relatively concentrated population and developed transit trade. For example the Xintan town of Zigui County in Hubei Province and Badong County of Nanmuyuan Village of Badong County, there has been booming prosperity of the past. These traditional buildings in settlements reflect the unique human landscape of Three Gorges area, whether the single or the overall environment of the construction. To adapt the mountain environment of Gap area, developing a variety of architectural space by the residents , the ancient town is the main feature in the form of settlement to suit natural conditions nearing Riverside and Mountain. In the building structure, there are three categories such as brick,Chuandoushi,Chaliangjia. The Chaliangjia is a special Liangjia technology, commonly in southeastern coastal areas. Insert a wooden beam in the column and land another Jinzhu (Tongzhu). This Liangjia beam structure and the load-bearing beam land on the stigma is different from Chuandou beam without a load-bearing only playing a liaison role in the string of beam. Its characteristics is the informal construction, the framework of load-bearing beams. Walls and wood siding enclosure and cut off. Both inside and outside the building are more open. The layout and space organization is flexible. Different free changes depend on the terrain and functional. When slope is slower, the Housing Sub can drop in the same residential address in several different elevation of the floor, looking Cuoluoyouzhi .This dissertation studies traditional architecture in xianjiang and analyze the construction of the space layout, construction form, appearance shape, internal structure and the construction of local culture and the protection and utilization.The dissertation is divided into six parts.Part one: Introduction. This part introduces the purpose and significance of the study, the status ,methodology and content of research.Part two: Overview and historical changes in Xiajiang region. This prat introduces natural environment, natural resources, historical events and historical buildings in Xiajiang region . Part three: the plane composition and Vertical form of traditional architectural. This part sum up the plane and elevation characteristics by the research of the courtyard layout and decoration of construction of traditional architecture.Part four: Liangjia structure. Through the traditional Xiajiang region this part account for the largest proportion of the construction of the three Liangjia structure - brick, and inserte Liangjia Chuandou-analysis summed up in traditional architecture Xiajiang Liangjia structural characteristics.Part five :the Carpenter of traditional architecture in the region, through the wooden, it appears characteristics of traditional architecture in detail by the in-depth analysis of wooden, brick-made, watt, stone.Part six: the traditional residential areas under the influence of cultural diversity inxiajiang, from the perspective of a building culture ,it analyses cultural exchanges between ba Shu Chu culture and commerce culture and cultural exchanges and the influence oftraditional architectur in Xiajiang region.Part seven: the protection and uselitiy of residential construction. Claim the principles , strategy of the protection and developing plans of traditional architecture in the Phoenix Mountains from the historical, economic, cultural, scientific and other aspects of mining the value of traditional architecture.